Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ASL 305 > Lecture 19 - Cultural Resistance and Revolutionary Movements > Flashcards

Lecture 19 - Cultural Resistance and Revolutionary Movements Flashcards

1
Q

Heart of Deaf cultural resistance and revolutionary movements

A
  • Values: language and culture.
  • Self-esteem, cultural identity
  • Knowing: your rights
  • individual and community Deafhood.
  • strong and visionary Deaf Leaders.
  • Oppression creates: resistance.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

European Resistance, 1750+

A
  • Pierre Dislodge writing and the Deaf community in Paris.
  • Parisian Banquet at Royal Academy for the Deaf, Paris, France.
  • Letter debate between a German oralist and Deaf leader from France.
  • Sign language and Deaf culture are the product of these resistance.
  • No records of resistance in other countries in Europe during that time.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

American Resistance, 1820+

A
  • After American School for the Deaf started in Hartford, Conn., we can imagine Deaf people who are growing in Deafhood would slowly fight for their equal rights.
  • Many graduates moved on to establish other Deaf schools in other states in the next 60 years. All used and promoted ASL in deaf education.
  • 1820-1880 is considered by historians as a golden age of deaf education.
  • Successful Deaf people helped destroy the stereotypes held by the public during that time.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Post-Milan resistance

A
  • 1880: National Association of the Deaf
  • 1901-2003: National Fraternal Society of the Deaf, operated similar to Freemasonry.
  • 1951: World Federation of the Deaf.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Deaf secret societies

A
  • In France:
  • “Old Guards” = Deaf “Skulls and Bones”
  • Kappa Gamma: 1863 (1901 as a Fraternity at Gallaudet)
  • Phi Kappa Zeta: 1892
  • Other: “Grandfathers,” Deaf clubs, Deaf schools
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Quiet Resistance, 1880-1960

A
  • ASL movies and Deaf culture publications. (Veditz Films and Silent Workers).
  • Deaf Clubs remained as a cultural lighthouse to all Deaf people.
  • Secret societies continue on.
  • Many Deaf organizations started and thrived through the “Dark Age”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Deaf Resurgence, 1960+

A
  • Stokoe and ASL research.
  • National Theatre of the Deaf
  • Accessible Technology and Communications: TTY, Close captioning on TV, & Professional Interpreters
  • Oralism downfall based on Babbage committees report.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Gallaudet Revolutions: Deaf Present Now 1988

A
  • Right times and place for Gallaudet to have revolutions.
  • 7 Ducks of DPN (unrecognized leaders of this protest): Board of Trustee Predetermination, Rally
    , & Activism and organization after announcement.
    -Deaf President Now, 1988. (I. King Jordan, first Deaf president)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Gallaudet Revolutions: Unity for Gallaudet 2006

A
  • Unity for Gallaudet, 2006 “A blessing in disguise”
  • Leadership and much deeper cultural issues.
  • Jane K Fernandez removed, I King Jordan disgraced.
    o Jordan resisted to race racism and audism. Didn’t want to face these issues. Late deafened, difficult to naturally use ASL (not an English form of it)
    o Fernandez was similar. Late deafened. Didn’t have clear goals in protest
  • Bob Davila, interim president 2007-2010. Wanted him and Was threatened to losing accreditation at Gallaudet unless internal issues were fixed from before; on probation
  • Alan Hurwitz, president, 2010-present.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Deaf Way Festivals and DeafNation World Expos

A
  • Deaf Way I, Washington DC, 1989
  • Deaf Way II, Washington DC, 2002
  • DeafNation World Expo 2011, Las Vegas
  • DeafNation World Expo 2016, Las Vegas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Deafhood movements, 2000+

A
  • Deafhood Reading Clubs, 2003…
  • Deaf Bilingual Coalition, 2007
  • Audism Free America, 2009
  • Deafhood Foundation, 2010
  • Facundo Element, 2000’s
  • ASLized 2000’s
  • Political battles; CA AB 2072, Ed. Interp. Legislation, ASL Teacher Certification…
  • Infiltrate NAD, EHDI, and other educational and parents organizations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Reframing or Extremism?

A
  • “Deaf Hate Crime” lecture series. “Alexander Graham Bell Association of the Deaf is to Deaf people as KKK is to African Americans” – Dr. Carl Schroder
  • “Deaf Holocaust” – Dr. Paddy Ladd, Deaf Studies Scholar
  • “Cochlear War”, “Cochlear Evangelism” – Mathew Moore, Deaf Life Editor
  • “Deaf Culture Genocide”, “Linguicide”, etc.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Effects of Deaf Activism

A
  • Shake-up in the hearing-centric system and society.
  • Mistakes are spotlighted and magnified by the media. Strategies to use or misuse the media…
  • Deafhood re-analyzed in the Deaf community.
  • “Divisions in the Deaf community” concerns.
  • Increasing awareness and empowerment in the Deaf community.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

DPN 1988

A
  • Took place: at Gallaudet University in the second week of March, 1988.
  • Oppression: Stifling or shutting down discontent or differing opinions.
  • Paternalism: a process of pretending to offer respect or act in a condescending way.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Background information

A
  • For 124 years: Gallaudet was always run by a hearing person.
  • People:
  • Jerry Lee: sixth president, in 1985 announced he would retire in the next few years.
  • no clear evidence to support another hearing person to become GU President.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Top three candidates:

A
  1. Harvey Corson (sociology Professor – Deaf)
  2. I. King Jordan (psychology Professor – Deaf)
  3. Elizabeth Zinser (Vice President, Kentucky State University) (app: 1986)
  • Only one supported by board member: Jane Basset Spilman; also served on University’s board of directors.
17
Q

Greg Hilbok:

A
  • student body president, elected by the students of G.U.

- he lead the charge for Deaf President and also 51% board majority.

18
Q

Philip Bravin

A

sole board member who happened to be Deaf, once an IBM Software Executive (now) retired

19
Q

Four demands

A
  1. Zinser must go Deaf President (NOW)
  2. Spilman Must go
  3. 51% deaf board majority
  4. no reprisals (punishment)
20
Q

Unlike other protests

A
  • DPN – “week the world heard Gallaudet”
  • Invoked the spirit of MLK
  • First student protest that: utilized Mass Media/electronic communications
  • Safety: no one was killed or hurt; except for some effigies and bus tires
  • Attention: DPN captured the attention of the entire US House of Representatives, Senate, and individuals running for President.
21
Q

Famous quotes

A
  • Jane Basset Spilman: “The Deaf are not ready to function in today’s world”
  • Dr. E. Zinser: “The board hired me, it is up to the board to fire me”
  • I. King Jordan: “the Deaf can do anything hearing can do, except hear”
22
Q

Repercussions, fallout and “Where are they now?”

A
  • Jane Spilman: left the board of trustee’s, GU worked with her families furniture company, retired.
  • Philip Bravin: Retired, IBM. Fought cancer, won. Now representative of Z communications as Dr. Z.
  • Greg Hilbok: JDD, Lawyer, worked for Smith Barney NYC Trade Center (survived). Currently works as a lawyer for office of disability in Federal Communication Commission, FCC
  • I. King Jordan: No Longer president of G.U. Retired in December 2006 to a very quiet part of the East Coast Seaboard. Still a spokesperson for disability rights.
  • Elizabeth Zinser: Left G.U. five days later. Become President of U. of I and SOSU, eventually moved to become President of Kentucky University. “MY resignation was not in response to demonstrations… but to pave the way for the civil rights movement to progress.
23
Q

Influences and societal changes from DPN ‘88

A
  • 1990: Americans with Disabilities Act. Signed into law by George Bush Sr. Illegal to discriminate against those with disabilities.
  • 1991: Television Circuitry Act. Signed into law by G.H.W. Bush Sr. All TV’s larger than 12 inches must have the decoder chip by July 1993.
  • Increased: funding for Gallaudet University. Today G.U. receives about 60% of its revenues from you and I, the American taxpayers. This pays for tuition, professor salaries, etc.
  • Elevated: positive view that hearing people have about Deafness in general.
24
Q

U.F.P 2006

A
  • Dr. I King Jordan retiring: after 18 years.
  • Attitude to Dr. Jordan: was beloved and respected by students and faculty alike, sometimes referred to as “president of Deaf America”
  • Replacement: his assistant called a provost applied and was considered the best replacement
25
Q

people

A
  • I. King Jordan (b. 1943).
    • born hearing, but became Deaf at 21 due to a motorcycle accident.
    • learned ASL while attending G.U.
  • Jane K. Fernandez (b. 1956).
    • Born Deaf, learned to speak first, then ASL.
    • Provost at Gallaudet University since 1996.
26
Q

identifiable issues

A
  • Selection of replacement:
    1. students not involved in the interview process
    2. faculty not involved in the interview process.
    3. board of trustees did not seek student input.
    4. board of trustees did not seek faculty input
  • Key issues
    1. mode of communications at G.U.
    2. Degree of Deafness
    3. Respect
    4. Climate
    5. Autonomy
    6. Elitism
27
Q

other quotes

A
  • Dr. Fernandez (Oct. 17): “We live in a country that is governed by the rule of law, not anarchy.”
  • Dr. Jordan (Oct 18): “Let me be clear, Dr. Fernandez will not resign. She is eminently qualified to be the next President of G.U.”
  • Dr. Jordan (Oct 18): “In 1988, the movement was about deaf leadership for the world’s only deaf university. It was a civil rights issue. It was a protest for an ideal. In 2006, this protest is not for anything but is against a person”
28
Q

consequences

A
  • Reprisals: University doesn’t engage in reprisals and does hold them accountable for illegal actions
  • Faculty: “vote of NO confidence” with 82% now rejecting Dr. Jordan
  • Arrests: over 120 students arrested by D.C. police
29
Q

demands

A
  1. Dr. Fernandez steps down as interim 9th president of G.U.
  2. reopen the presidential search process
  3. independent review of the initial presidential search process
  4. no reprisals for students, staff, faculty, and alumni
30
Q

Resolution?

A
  • New rallying interpretation: “Better Deaf President Now?”
  • J.K. Fernandez: “It is with deep regret I heard the boards decision to terminate my contract”
  • Interim president: Dr Robert Davila chosen as interim president (Former U.S. Department of Education Secretary under Bill Clinton).

ASL 305 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions