Lecture 16

Question 1

Name the major groups within the angiosperms

Answer 1

• ANA grade
• Magnoliids
• Monocots
• Eudicots

Question 2

Define “ANA grade” (basal Angiosperms), and name some familiar plants
within

Answer 2

• Woody evergreen plants
• Cosexual flowers, tepals instead of petals and sepals
• insect pollinated
• first lineages to diverge from the remaining angiosperms
• Amborellales, Nymphaeales, Austrobaileyales

Question 3

Describe general characters of Amborella trichopoda, the most anciently
derived flowering plant lineage

Answer 3

• woody shrub
• no vessel elements in xylem

Question 4

Describe general characters of Magnoliids, and name some familiar plants
within

Answer 4

• monophyletic clade of four orders
• spirally arranged flowers

Question 5

Define monocot and eudicot, and name some characters associated with
these groups

Answer 5

Monocots
- parallel veins in leaf
- organs in groups of three
- embryo with single cotyledon
- vascular bundles scattered in stem
- adventitious roots
Eudicots
- Pollen with three elongated apertures
- leaf veins usually netlike
- flower organs often in groups of four or five
- embryo with two cotyledons
- vascular bundles arranged in ring