Lecture 15-16: Lipid and Cell Membrane Structure

Question 1

Melting point for saturated fatty acids

Answer 1

higher

Question 2

Flexibility for saturated fatty acids

Answer 2

high

Question 3

Are there C-C bonds in saturated fatty acids

Answer 3

all of them

Question 4

Are there double C-C bounds in saturated fatty acids

Answer 4

none

Question 5

Shape of hydrocarbon in saturated fatty acids

Answer 5

linear

Question 6

Dietary source for saturated fatty acids

Answer 6

animal fats

Question 7

examples of saturated fatty acids

Answer 7

Lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, behenic, lignoceric acids

Question 8

melting point of unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 8

lower

Question 9

flexibility of unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 9

low

Question 10

how many C-C bonds do unsaturated fatty acids have?

Answer 10

many

Question 11

Are there double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

Is a cis unsaturated fatty acids what is the shape of the hydrocarbon

Answer 12

bent more

Question 13

in a trans unsaturated fatty acids what is the shape of the hydrocarbon

Answer 13

bent less

Question 14

what is the dietary source of cis unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 14

plant oils and omega fatty acids

Question 15

what is the dietary source of trans unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 15

processed fats

Question 16

What are examples of cis unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 16

palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic acids, EPA and DHA

Question 17

What are examples of trans unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 17

partially hydrogenated oils

Question 18

fatty acids form ____

Answer 18

micelles

Question 19

In which way are fatty acids numbered?

Answer 19

carboxyl end to methyl end

Question 20

What two omega fatty acids cannot be synthesized by humans?

Answer 20

LA/ Linoleic acid

ALA/ linolenic acid

Question 21

why are omega fatty acids important?

Answer 21

used in cell membrane and other important lipids
common energy source
promote good health by improving cardiovascular health

Question 22

describe a tricylglycerol

Answer 22

polar head= glycerol

hydrophobic tails= 3 fatty acid chains

Question 23

Describe waxes

Answer 23

similar to tricyclglycerol, but have an alcohol rather than a glycerol

Question 24

_______ are the majority component of cell membranes

Answer 24

glycerophopholipids

Question 25

_____ attaches a fatty acid to an amine

Answer 25

sphingomyelin

Question 26

What are glycospingolipids important for?

Answer 26

ABO blood type antigens

cell signaling

Question 27

glycoglycerolipids are found mostly where?

Answer 27

plants and bacteria, rarely animals

Question 28

What does cholesterol do to membranes?

Answer 28

adds rigidity

Question 29

What are the two roles of the lipid bilayer?

Answer 29

• a 2-D liquid that allows lateral movement of proteins and lipids
• a permeability barrier

Question 30

Where do integral membrane proteins span?

Answer 30

the entire width of the bilayer

Question 31

Where do peripheral membrane proteins span?

Answer 31

span only part of the width of the lipid bilayer

Question 32

What are the functions of membrane proteins?

Answer 32

• receive external signal
• transmit signals into cytoplasm
• transmit signals to another cell
• allows solutes through the membrane
• help to determine membrane thickness and rigidity

Question 33

In bacteria, rigidity of the membrane is determined by what?

Answer 33

fatty acid composition

Question 34

In humans, rigidity of the membrane is determined by what?

Answer 34

cholesterol content