Lecture 15 Flashcards
How does zooplankton biomass compare to phytoplankton biomass?
A) Zooplankton biomass is significantly higher.
B) There is no significant difference between them.
C) Zooplankton biomass is more than phytoplankton.
D) Zooplankton biomass is unrelated to phytoplankton.
C) Zooplankton biomass is more than phytoplankton.
What does the term ‘eutrophic’ imply in the context of lakes and feeding interactions?
A) Poor feeding interactions with limited nutrients.
B) Good feeding interactions with abundant nutrients.
C) No feeding interactions due to toxic substances.
D) Irregular feeding interactions due to fluctuating nutrient levels
B) Good feeding interactions with abundant nutrients.
How are food webs affected by bottom-up control?
A) It leads to a decrease in primary production.
B) It is characterized by an increase in biomass at higher trophic levels.
C) It results in the extinction of top predators.
D) It has no significant impact on food webs.
B) It is characterized by an increase in biomass at higher trophic levels.
hat impact does overfishing have on food webs, as discussed in the lecture?
A) It enhances the balance in the ecosystem.
B) It leads to a significant decline in certain fish populations.
C) It increases the diversity of fish species.
D) It does not affect food webs.
B) It leads to a significant decline in certain fish populations.
What is the lecture’s conclusion regarding the manipulation of seal populations to control cod numbers?
A) It effectively increases cod populations.
B) It has little impact due to other factors affecting cod populations.
C) It is the only method to ensure cod population growth.
D) It leads to a drastic increase in seal populations.
B) It has little impact due to other factors affecting cod populations.
What are bottom-up and top-down controls in an ecosystem?
A) Bottom-up control refers to the influence of climate on ecosystems, while top-down control is the effect of soil quality.
B) Bottom-up control is the impact of primary producers on higher trophic levels, whereas top-down control is the influence of predators on the availability and behavior of prey species.
C) Bottom-up control is the regulation by top predators, and top-down control is the influence of primary producers.
D) Bottom-up and top-down controls are terms used to describe the migration patterns of aquatic and terrestrial animals.
B) Bottom-up control is the impact of primary producers on higher trophic levels, whereas top-down control is the influence of predators on the availability and behavior of prey species.
What does ‘eutrophic’ mean in the context of aquatic ecosystems?
A) Lakes with poor feeding interactions and limited nutrients.
B) Lakes with irregular feeding interactions due to fluctuating nutrient levels.
C) Lakes with good feeding interactions and a load of nutrients.
D) Lakes with no feeding interactions due to toxic substances.
C) Lakes with good feeding interactions and a load of nutrients.
What is the impact of ‘bottom-up’ control in an ecosystem?
A) It is characterized by predators controlling the population of prey species.
B) It refers to the influence of primary producers on the availability of resources in higher trophic levels.
C) It is the effect of climate change on the entire ecosystem.
D) It signifies the regulation of ecosystems by decomposers.
B) It refers to the influence of primary producers on the availability of resources in higher trophic levels.
What does ‘top-down’ control in an ecosystem typically involve?
A) The regulation of energy flow by primary producers.
B) The influence of higher trophic levels, such as predators, on the structure of the ecosystem.
C) The impact of human activities on the environment.
D) The control of aquatic ecosystems by plankton.
B) The influence of higher trophic levels, such as predators, on the structure of the ecosystem.
