Lecture 14: The upper limb 3- Arm and Elbow Flashcards
What is the arm?
everything from the shoulder to elbow
what are the three anterior muscles of the arm?
1) coracobrachialis
2) bicep brachii
3) Brachialis
“a lady lies between two majors” - explain this.
It describes the insertion of the three muscles:
- Medial lip of intertubercular groove: teres major
- “floor” of intertubercular groove: Latissimus dorsi
- Lateral lip of the intertubercular: Pectoralis major
Where does the tendon for long head bicep brachii run?
Intertubercular groove
deltoid tuberosity is on the _______ side of humerus
lateral
coracobrachialis inserts into the ______ side of humerus
medial
What are the two septa that seperate the flex and extensor compartments of the arms.
lateral intermuscular septa and medial intermuscular septa
What ligament runs over the long head of biceps brachii at the proximal end of the humerus?
Transverse humeral ligament
What are the origin and insertion of the long head bicep brachii muscle?
origin: front
Insertion:
What are the origin and insertion of the long head bicep brachii muscle?
Origin: Supraglenoid Tubercle
Insertion: Radial Tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
What are the origin and Insertion of short head biceps brachii muscle?
Origin: Coracoid process
Insertion: Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
What is the main function of the bicep brachii?
The first function it does is act as a SUPINATOR then it is a ELBOW FLEXOR
What are the origin and insertion of the brachialis?
Origin: Front of humerus, including the intramuscular septa
Insertion: Ulna tuberosity
What is the main function of the brachialis?
its only job is to flex the elbow. The bones wont allow it to do anything else
What is the origin and insertion of the coracobrachialis muscle?
Origin: coracoid process
Insertion:half way down on the medial aspect of the humerus (on the roughhead)
Biceps can only ____ the elbow if the arm is in a ______ position (that why its the biceps first priority)
Flex; supinated
What muscle is activated to flex the elbow in a pronated position?
coracobrachialis
What is the origin and insertion of the tricep brachii?
Origin: long head is the infraglenoid tubercle and lateral and medial are the posterior surface of humerus
Insertion: olecranon
how many heads of triceps are there?
lateral head; long head; medial head
What is the main function of the tricep brachii?
long head is responsible for extension and adduction of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
What is a shunt muscle? and what are some examples?
muscle that prevents dislocation of the joint during load.
deltoid, short head bicep, coracobrachialis, long head tricep
On the anterior view, there are 2 fossas. What are they?
Radial and coronoid
What are the bone structures responsible for the humero-ulnar joint?
Trochlea on the humerus and the trochlea notch on the ulna.
What is the trochlear notch made up of?
olecranon and coronoid process
What are the bone structures of the humero-radial joint?
capitulum on the humerus and superior surface of the radius
What are the bone structures of the superior radio-ulnar joint?
radial notch on ulnar and head of radius
what joints are involved in flexion and extension of elbow?
humero-ulna and humero-radius
What joints are involved in pronation and supranation of elbow?
humero-radial and superior radio-ulna
the only bone that rotates in the arm is the ______
radius
there are three ligaments in the elbow joint. what are they?
radial collateral ligament
anular ligament of radius
ulnar collateral ligament
Whats the purpose of the anular ligament of radius?
To allow radius to rotate
whats the origin and insertion of the anular ligament?
Origin: radial notch
Insertion: radial notch
Whats the purpose of the ulnar collateral ligament?
prevents abduction of the forearm bones (ulna)
whats the purpose of the sacciform recess?
allows the radius to rotate
What fossa does the fat pads fill up on the elbow joint?
radial and coranoid
