Lecture 14 - Personality

Question 1

extrovert

Answer 1

external focus
energy = stimulation
think broadly

Question 2

introvert

Answer 2

internal focus
energy = quiet contemplation
think deeply

Question 3

extrovert brain

Answer 3

short dopamine pathway

- speech, active movement, emotions

Question 4

introvert brain

Answer 4

longer acetylcholine pathway

- more areas activated, more applied knowledge

Question 5

Milgram 1960 obedience

Answer 5

65% above danger level

Question 6

Animal personality

Answer 6

non random indv behavioural specialisations

Question 7

Birth order

Answer 7

1st borns = leaders, responsible
2nd borns = outgoing, rebellious
confounded by family size

Question 8

Social contact

Answer 8

Bowlby attachment theory
Harlow’s monkeys
affection needed for development

Question 9

INAH3

Answer 9

in hypothalamus, controls sexual behaviour
2-3x larger in males
how masculine/feminine

Question 10

SG

Answer 10

prefrontal cortex, social cognition

10% larger in women

Question 11

Hippocampus

Answer 11

men have greater spatial awareness
Maguire 2000 taxi drivers knowledge
males have bigger but depends on selection
e.g. brown headed cowbird = female larger HC

Question 12

Intelligence

Answer 12

early tests had misleading results

cockerels can assess female fertility

Question 13

Great tits exploratory behaviour

Answer 13

fast = bold, aggressive - more competitive, better when resources scarce
slow = shy, reserved - better when resources abundant
repeatable = 0.27-0.48 heritable = 0.22 - 0.41
selection pressures fluctuate as resources vary

Question 14

Intro/extro evolutionary adaptiveness

Answer 14

intro = fewer children, more likely to survive until reproductive age
extro = more children, only if survive until maturity