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Anderson Anatomy PTL - Exam 2 > Lecture 14: Foot > Flashcards

Lecture 14: Foot Flashcards

1
Q 
This artery gives off dorsal metatarsals to 
dorsal digitals. 
A. Anterior tibial artery 
B. Dorsalis pedis artery 
C. Arcuate artery
D. Extensor Digitorium brevis
A 
Ans C
Dorsum of Foot
Blood supply:
• Anterior tibial artery via dorsalis pedis artery
• Arcuate artery:
• Termination of arcuate artery
• Gives off dorsal metatarsals to dorsal digitals
• Deep plantar artery
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2
Q 
Innervates motor function of the intrinsic muscles on dorsum. The muscles usually innervated are Extensor hallucinations brevis and extensor digitorum brevis. 
A. Superficial peroneal nerve
B. Deep peroneal nerve
C. Sural nerve
D. Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve
A

Ans B
Dorsum of Foot Nerve supply:
• Superficial peroneal nerve: Gives rise to medial and
intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerves
• Cutaneous
• Deep peroneal nerve: Lateral branch is motor to intrinsic muscles on dorsum: Extensor hallucis brevis, Extensor digitorum brevis
• Medial branch is cutaneous
• Sural nerve: Gives off lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve

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3
Q

Tendons of both —————- and —————— pass through superior and inferior peroneal retinacula or the peroneal retinacular complex
A. Extensor hallucis brevis and Extensor digitorum brevis
B. Extensor retinaculum and Extensor digitorum brevis
C. Extensor retinaculum and peroneus brevis
D. Peroneus longus and peroneus brevis

A

Ans D

Peroneal Retinacular Complex
Peroneal retinacula: • Superior peroneal
• Inferior peroneal
• Tendons of both the peroneus longus and brevis pass through both of these retinacula.

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4
Q 
Tendons of extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, and tibialis anterior are in this retinaculum
A. Extensor retinaculum
B. Flexor retinacular
C. Superior Peroneal retinacula
D. Inferior Peroneal retinacula
A

Ans A

Extensor retinaculum:
• “Y”-shaped complex with stem of “Y” on lateral side of ankle.
• For tendons of extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, and tibialis anterior
Peroneal Retinacular Complex
Peroneal retinacula: • Superior peroneal
• Inferior peroneal
• Tendons of both the peroneus longus and brevis pass through both of these retinacula
Flexor retinaculum: • For tendons of tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus

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5
Q 
Tendons of tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus are in this retinaculum
A. Extensor retinaculum
B. Flexor retinacular
C. Superior Peroneal retinacula
D. Inferior Peroneal retinacula
A

Ans B

Extensor retinaculum:
• “Y”-shaped complex with stem of “Y” on lateral side of ankle.
• For tendons of extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, and tibialis anterior
Peroneal Retinacular Complex
Peroneal retinacula: • Superior peroneal
• Inferior peroneal
• Tendons of both the peroneus longus and brevis pass through both of these retinacula
Flexor retinaculum: • For tendons of tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus

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6
Q 
This muscle can be found with second toe as a reference and is an abductor:
A. Dorsal interossei
B. Extensor digitorum brevis
C. Extensor hallucis brevis
D. Extensor hallucis longus
A

Ans A
Muscles:
• Extensor digitorum brevis
• Extensor hallucis brevis: Sometimes considered part of
extensor digitorum brevis
• Dorsal interossei: Abductors, Second toe is reference

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7
Q 
Blood supply to the sole of the foot is provided by?
A. Anterior tibial artery 
B. Dorsalis pedis artery
C. Posterior tibial artery 
D. Arcuate artery
A

Ans: C
Dorsum of Foot
Blood supply:
• Anterior tibial artery via dorsalis pedis artery
• Arcuate artery: Termination of arcuate artery, Gives off dorsal metatarsals to dorsal digitals
• Deep plantar artery
Sole of Foot
Blood supply:
• Posterior tibial artery: Medial and lateral plantar arteries
• Perforating arteries

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8
Q

The motor innervation is supplied to the sole of the foot by:
A. Tibial nerve via lateral and medial planter nerves
B. Sural nerve
C. Medial calcaneal nerve
D. Saphenous nerve

A 
Ans. A 
Sole of Foot
Nerve supply:
Cutaneous:
• Tibial nerve:
• Medial calcaneal
• Medial plantar
• Lateral plantar
• Saphenous nerve
• Sural nerve
• Motor: Tibial nerve via lateral and medial plantar nerves
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9
Q 
Tendon that is present in the third layer of muscle in the sole of the foot:
A. Flexor digitorum longus tendon
B. Flexor hallucis longus tendon
C. Peroneus longus tendon
D. Tibialis posterior tendon
A

Ans C

Tendons in first layer: • Flexor digitorum longus tendon • Flexor hallucis longus tendon
Third muscle layer: • Flexor hallucis longus tendon: Passes between sesamoid bones in tendons of flexor hallucis brevis
Fourth muscle layer: • Peroneus longus tendon • Tibialis posterior tendon

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10
Q 
Which of the following muscles does not originate at the calcaneal tuberosity?
A. Abductor hallucis
B. Flexor digitorum brevis
C. Abductor digiti minimi
D. Quadratus plantar
A

Ans D

Abductor hallucis, Flexor digitorum brevis, Abductor digiti minimi originates in the calcaneal tuberosity
Quadratus plantae Origin: Medial head from
medial aspect of plantar surface of calcaneus; lateral head from lateral aspect of plantar aspect of calcaneus

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11
Q 
Innervated by medial plantar nerve:
A. Flexor digitorum brevis
B. Abductor digiti minimi
C. Quadratus plantae
D. Flexor digiti minimi brevis
A

Ans: A

Medial plantar nerve
1 layer: Abductor hallucis and Flexor digitororum brevis
2nd layer: Lumbrical 1
3 layer:Flexor hallucis brevis

Lateral Plantar nerve:
1 layer: Abductor digiti minimi
2 layer: Quadratus plantae, lumbrical 2-4
3 layer: Flexor digiti minimi brevis & adductor hallucis
4 layer: Doral interossei and Plantar interossei

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12
Q

Flexes the metatarsal phalangeal joints and extends the PIP and DIP joints of digits 2-5
A. Quadratus plantae
B. Lumbrical
C. Flexor digitorum brevis
D. Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Ans B
Flexors of the sole of foot
Layer 1: Flexor digitorum brevis: Flexes PIP joints of digits 2-5
Layer 2: Quadratus plantae: May help to flex DIP joints of digits 2-5
Lumbricals: Flexes the MP joints and extends the PIP and DIP joints of digits 2-5
Layer 3: Flexor hallucis brevis: Flexes proximal phalanx of first digit
Flexor digiti minimi brevis: Flexes the PIP joint of the little toe

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13
Q

Adducts digits 3-5 at the MP joints toward the axis of
the second toe; flexes the MP joints and extends the PIP and DIP joints of digits 3-5
A. Dorsal interossei
B. Addutor hallucis
C. Plantar interossei
D. Adductor digiti minimi

A 
Ans: C
Adductor do the sole of the foot:
Layer 1: Abductor hallucis: Abducts great toe at MP joint; helps to flex MP joint
Abductor digiti minimi: Abducts the little toe and the MP joint
Layer 2: nothing
Layer 3: Adductor hallucis: Adducts the great toe at the MP joint
Layer 4: Dorsal interossei (4): Abducts digits 2-4; flex Metatarsal- phalangeal joints
Plantar interossei (3): Adducts digits 3-5 at the MP joints 
toward the axis of the second toe; flexes the MP joints and extends the PIP and DIP joints of digits 3-5
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Anderson Anatomy PTL - Exam 2 (10 decks)

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