Lecture 13: Blood Supply to Brain Flashcards
Which two ascending arteries give rise to arteries that supply the brain?
vertebral and carotid arteries
Describe the arteries that supply the cerebrum
anterior cerebral a. middle cerebral a. and posterior cerebral a. which are connected via the circle of Willis
Name the 3 major arteries that supply the brainstem.
posterior cerebral a. basilar a. and the vertebral a.
Describe the arteries that serve the cerebellum and where they branch from.
superior cerebellar artery (rostral basilar a.), anterior inferior cerebellar a. (caudal basilar a.) and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (vertebral artery)
What elements of arteries serve the midbrain?
rostral: PCA and Posterior communicating; caudal: basilar and SCA
What arteries serve the pons?
SCA, branches of basilar a. and AICA
What arteries supply the medulla?
PICA, anterior spinal, vertebral and posterior spinal arteries
Name the two general divisions of arteries that serve a cross-section of brainstem?
long circumferential arteries and paramedical arteries (bonus: smaller- short circumferential)
What arteries supply the paramedical and long circumferential branches at each level of the brainstem (medulla, inferior pons, superior pons and midbrain)
medulla (anterior spinal and vertebral) inferior pons (AICA) superior pons (SCA) and midbrain (PCA)
Will a medial infarct affect the sensory or motor regions of the brainstem generally speaking?
motor is more medial than sensory and somatomotor is medial to branchial motor
Why are ascending and descending pathways difficult to localize lesions with?
lesions at multiple levels of the brain stem can cause similar symptoms in these tracts
What is Horner’s syndrome?
damage to descending tracts of descending sympathies causing ipsi symptoms including constricted pupil, ptosis of lid and dry face
What areas would be affected by medial medullary syndrome?
CN XII nerve leaving (tongue), cortical pyramid (motor), and medial lemniscus (tactile)
Describe lateral medullary syndrome. (Wallenberg’s Syndrome)
dorsal spinocerebellar tract (ipsi ataxia), spinal tract/nucleus V (ipsi pain and temp of face); spinotaltmic pathway (contra body pain loss) descending sympathetics (ipsi Horners) and Nucleus amigos (CN XII throat)
Describe medial inferior pontine syndrome.
abducens nerve fibers CN VI (lateral rectus paralysis), corticospinals (hemiplegia contra body), basal pons (ataxia); medial lemniscus (loss of tactile o contra body)
