Lecture 13

Question 1

In planetary science the term “ice” refers to

Answer 1

volatile
compounds with freezing points above ~ 100 K (-173°C)

Question 2

Ice giants are _______ than gas giants

Answer 2

smaller

Question 3

The ice giants in our solar system are?

Answer 3

Uranus and Neptune.

Question 4

Uranus and Neptune consist of about ______ Hydrogen(H) and Helium(He) by mass.

Answer 4

20%

Question 5

Jupiter and Saturn, which are
more than ___ H and He by mass

Answer 5

90%

Question 6

referred to as “ice giants” because

Answer 6

they are comprised mainly of a
hot dense fluid of “icy” materials

Question 7

What are the hot dense fluid of “icy” materials of Uranus and Neptune

Answer 7

water(H20), methane(CH4), and ammonia(NH3) above a small rocky core

Question 8

Gas Giants have _____ H/He atmospheres

Answer 8

Thicker

Question 9

Ice Giants have _____ H/He atmospheres

Answer 9

Thinner

Question 10

Gas Giants Atmospheres contain _____ Methane

Answer 10

Very Little

Question 11

Ice Giants Atmospheres contain ____ Methane

Answer 11

~2%

Question 12

Gas Giants interior dominated by

Answer 12

metallic hydrogen

Question 13

Ice Giants Interior dominated by

Answer 13

“ices” water(H20), methane(CH4), and ammonia(NH3)

Question 14

Ice Giants are of _______ mass while Gas Giants are ____

Answer 14

intermediate, very massive

Question 15

Gas Giants are how many AU from the sun (astronomical unit)

Answer 15

5-10 AU from sun

Question 16

Ice Giants are how many AU from the sun (astronomical unit)

Answer 16

20-30 AU from sun

Question 17

Water is abundant in the outer solar system, and the densities
of the ice giants are very similar to that of _____

Answer 17

water(H2O)

Question 18

What makes Uranus and Neptune appear blue?

Answer 18

methane

Question 19

Mantle of ice giants consists of

Answer 19

water(H20), methane(CH4), and ammonia(NH3)

Question 20

Ice giants atmosphere is consists of

Answer 20

helium, methane gases, hydrogen

Question 21

Uranus
Orbital Period
(years)

Answer 21

84

Question 22

Neptune Orbital Period Years

Answer 22

65

Question 23

Uranus Distance from Sun

Answer 23

(AU) 19.2

Question 24

Neptune Distance from sun

Answer 24

50 AU

Question 25

Uranus and Neptune radius

Answer 25

4 x earths

Question 26

Uranus Mass

Answer 26

14.5 x earth

Question 27

Neptune Mass

Answer 27

17 earth

Question 28

Rotation period hours Uranus

Answer 28

17

Question 29

Rotation period hours Neptune

Answer 29

16

Question 30

Uranus is the ____ planet from the sun

Answer 30

seventh

Question 31

Uranus has ____ known moons and ____ known rings

Answer 31

27, 13

Question 32

Uranus rotates in a ______ direction (like Venus) and its axial tilt is ___.

Answer 32

clockwise, 98degrees Theory is a planet-sized body collided with Uranus at a high speed, causing the planet to tilt and giving it its current orientation.

Question 33

Theories on how the rings around Uranus and Neptune were formed -maintained by the gravitational influence of nearby moons. As the moons orbit their respective planets, they create regions where the gravitational pull is stronger or weaker, which can cause particles in the rings to either clump together or break apart.

Answer 33

the remnants of debris from the collision of large bodies that were disrupted by the planets' gravity. material that was left over from the formation of the planets themselves, but that did not accrete into moons

Question 34

Theories on how the rings around Uranus and Neptune are maintained

Answer 34

by the gravitational influence of nearby moons. can cause particles in the rings to either clump together or break apart.

Question 35

The five largest (major) moons of Uranus are

Answer 35

Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon

Question 36

The major moons of Uranus are

Answer 36

ellipsoidal

Question 37

four of Uranus's moons show signs of internally driven processes such as

Answer 37

volcanism on their surfaces

Question 38

The largest of the five moons of Uranus is,

Answer 38

Titania, is 1,578km in diameter and the eighth-largest moon in the Solar System

Question 39

Uranus has __ distinct rings made up of

Answer 39

13, mainly water ice

Question 40

"core accretion model," explains how gas giants like Jupiter and Saturn could have

Answer 40

formed

Question 41

core accretion model struggles to explain the in situ formation of Uranus and Neptune, which are classified as ice giants rather than gas giants. Whats the main issue?

Answer 41

much less massive than Jupiter and Saturn, yet they are still composed primarily of ices rather than gases.