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International Business > Lecture > Flashcards

Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Why should a company internationalize?

A

Economic benefit and increase margings & profit

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2
Q

What is international business?

A
  1. conducted across boarders
  2. Uses distinctive methods
  3. In contact with countries that differ, ex in culture
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3
Q

Risks of internationalize?

A
  • Cross cultural risks (between employees)
  • currency risks
  • country risks ex laws
  • commercial risks
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4
Q

What is happening in the world right now? lecture 1

A

inflation is rising
Människor blir mer höger i politiken

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5
Q

Measurement of global economy?

A

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

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6
Q

GDP definition

A

market value of total output of goods & services in a country

(does not take in quality of life)

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7
Q

Gross National Index (GNI)

A

GDP + net reciepts from abroad

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8
Q

Global inequality, what is happening right now?

A

Positive: more people are getting out of poverty, the middle class is growing

Negative: The gap between rich and poor is increasing, rich getting richer

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9
Q

Globalisation

A

Merges societies, knowledge and goods

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10
Q

Role of the state

A

Good governance is needed for economic development

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11
Q

How is governance measured?

A
  1. Voice and Accounability
  2. Political stability & absence of violance
  3. Government effectiveness
  4. Regulatory quality
  5. Rule of Law
  6. Control of corruption
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12
Q

4 political systems

A

Autoritarian regimes
Hybrid regimes
Flawed democracies
Full democracies

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13
Q

2 key countries for tech advancement

A

USA & Japan

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14
Q

Comparative advantage

A

Reduces cost but still manages to keep up with quality of competitors

–> this drives international trade (produce in ex china)

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15
Q

Why invest in tech, R&D and innovation?

A

Business opportunities
Higher productivity
better competiveness

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16
Q

Digitization and digitalization definitions:

A

Digitization: Making things digital

Digitalization: transforming processes (ex netflix with film industry)

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17
Q

Culture definition

A

Emotional features of a soceity

18
Q

Universalization definition:

A

More and more events are on global scale
–> creates global culutre
–> people around the world are becoming more alike

19
Q

Cultural hybridizations

A

Mixing of cultures
Ex mcdonalds in japan, anpassar sig lite

20
Q

Cultural differentations

A

Lookin below surface
–> we can see differences

21
Q

Cultural fractionalization

A

Globalization has overwhelmed us
–> want to reutnr to social micro groups

We build communities over internet
–> niche

22
Q

Sustainable competative advantage

A

Flexability -> adapt when necessary
Learning -> willing to learn from other
Efficiency -> being efficient with what u have

23
Q

International strategy:
y-axeln: ?
X-axeln:?

A

Y: global intergration low and high
x: pressure of local responsiveness

24
Q

4 strategies when going international

A

Global strategy
Transnational
International strategy
Localization strategy

25
Q

International strategy

A

low competition markets
markets are similar

26
Q

Localization strategy

A

customising goods
polycentric focus = focus on local

27
Q

Global strategy

A

world is seen as a single market
focus on global values

28
Q

Transnational strategy

A

coordination abroad

29
Q

3 opportunity assesments

A

Motiviation check
Readiness check
Market selection and entry check

30
Q

Motivation check

A

Drivers
Benefits
synergies

31
Q

Readiness check

A

Company readiness
Product readiness
market readiness

32
Q

Market selection and entry check

A

Target
Pacing
Scale

33
Q

Exporting positive & negative

A

+ No investment overseas
+ Minimize risk
+ fast entry

  • More tariffs & transportation costs
  • logistical difficulties
  • limited acces to local info
34
Q

Contractual modes

A

Licensing and Franschasing

35
Q

Licensing positive and negative

A

+ little upfront capital
- loss of control

36
Q

Franchasing

A

Operate busniess under name (KFC, McDonals)

+ low risk
+New markets quickly

  • lack of control
  • cost on brand
37
Q

joint ventures

A

+ share knowledge
+ local market knowledge

  • lose control
  • different goals
38
Q

2 hierarchical modes

A

M&A and own subsidiary

39
Q

M&A

A

+Less time consuming

-costly
-need banks and lawyers to complete process

40
Q

Own subsidiary

A

+ all control

  • costly
  • slow to establish
41
Q

Direct communication

A

Responsebility of communicatior to be clear

International Business (1 decks)

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