Lecture 12 - Helmiths Flashcards
What are the 3 main types of helminths?
Nematodes (round worms), Cestodes (tapeworms), Trematodes (flukes)
What are the physical characteristics of nematodes
Circular
What are the physical characteristics of cestodes
Flat and segmented
What are the physical characteristics of trematodes
Flat and unsugmented
What are the types of intestinal nematodes?
Enterobius vermicularis Ascaris lumbricoides Trichuris trichiura Intestinal hookworm Ancyclostoma brasiliense Strongyloides stercoralis Anisakis spp.
Common name for enterobius vermicularis
CHILD BUTT WORM
Where does E. vermicularis live?
In da secum
Why is E. vermicularis usually not a large problem
Eggs implanted on the anus are usually washed away when bathing
What is the most common intestinal nematode?
E. vermicularis
What is the size of Ascaris lumbricoides
THEY ARE HUGE
What causes ascaris lumbricoides to move out the nose/mouth and/or anus?
Fever and anethestics
Why do we not see egg excretion for ascaris lumbricoides?
Only males infest us
What can be a major concern for those infected with ascaris lumbricoides?
Migration to bile duct, pancreas or appendix causing obstruction
What is the more common name for trichuris trichiura?
Whipworm
What is caused by whipworm
Rectal prolapse?
Symptoms of trichuris dysentery syndrome?
Anemia, rectal prolapse, finger clubbing and growth stunting
What are the two types of intestinal hookworms?
Ancylostoma duodenale and Necater americanus
How are intestinal hookworms acquired?
Through invasion through the skin. Usually feet (barefoot)
How do hookworms go form your foot to your intestine?
Skin -> lungs -> coughs up -> ingested
How are hookworms diagnosed?
By blood testing for anemia
What do hookworms do in the intestine?
Attach to intestinal villi and suck ur fuggin blood
What is the only worm that can reproduce inside your body?
Strongyloides stercoralis
How is Strongyloides stercoralis contracted?
Through barefoot intrustion
What are the types of tissue nematodes?
Trichinella spiralis
Subcutaneous filariasis
Dracunculus medinesis
How is trichinella spiralis contracted?
From undercooked meat
What does trichinella spiralis cause…
“PERIORBITAL EDEMA” - swollen eyes
How is trichinella spiralis diagnosed?
Muscle biopsy
What is the more common name for subcutaneous filariasis?
River Blindness
How is river blindness contracted?
Transmitted by black flies
What is the more common name for dracunculus medinesis?
Guinea worm
How is guinea worm contracted?
Infected water (able to penetrate skin!!)
Where does the guinea worm migrate?
Legs and feet
Wuchereria bancrofti is what type of parasite?
Lymphatic filariasis
How is Wuchereria bancrofti transmitted?
Mosqitos
What is a typical symptom of Wuchereria bancrofti
Elephantiasis -> major malformations
What are the types of cestodes?
Hymenolepis nana
Taenia saginata
Taenia solium
Diphyllobothrium latum
What is the most common cestode?
Hymenolepis nana
What is a more common name for Hymenolepis nana
Dwarf tape worm
How do we contact Hymenolepis nana
By ingesting the eggs
What are the symptoms of Hymenolepis nana
Assymptomatic
How do we diagnose Hymenolepis nana
Visible eggs in stool
What is another name for taenia saginata
Beef tape worm
What is unique about taenia saginata?
Worm is motile and segmented so that it can get into the cow
What is another name for taenia solium
Pork Tape Worm
What is unique about taenia SOLIUM?
Not motile or segmented as pigs eat their own shit
What is a common name for diphyllobothrium latum
Fish tape worm
What is a common result of diphyllobothrium latum
Enemia
What are the types of trematodes?
Parasonimus Westermani
Schistosomiasis Acute Phase
How do we contract parasonimus westermani?
By eating undercooked crabs or crayfish
What area of the body does parasonimus westermani infect?
The lungs
What is the reason for the most common cause of hemoptysis (blood cough)
parasonimus westermani
What is a more common name for Schistosomiasis Acute Phase
swimmers itch
What are the two types of Schistosomiasis Acute Phase
S, mansoni - intestinal
S. haematobium - bladder
