lecture 12: chromosome mutations: aneuploidy

Question 1

aneuploidy

Answer 1

2n +/- x chromosomes

Question 2

euploidy

Answer 2

complete haploid sets of chromosomes present
multiples of n

Question 3

polypolidy

Answer 3

more than two sets of chromosomes present
3n, 4n, 5n

Question 4

non-disjunction

Answer 4

no division, all chromosomes go to one gamete

Question 5

monosomy =

Answer 5

2n-1

Question 6

monosomy from X chromosomes occurs in humans

Answer 6

turner syndrome

Question 7

haploinsufficiency

Answer 7

diploid organism has lost one copy of a gene and is left with a single functional copy of that gene

Question 8

trisomy =

Answer 8

2n + 1

Question 9

familial downs syndrome

Answer 9

translocation of bottom part of chromosome 21 onto another chromosome

Question 10

down’s syndrome most frequently occurs due to nondisjuction of chromosome

Answer 10

21

Question 11

75% of down’s syndrome non-disjunction occurs during

Answer 11

meiosis I

Question 12

polyploidy, n=

Answer 12

> 2

Question 13

autopolyploidy

Answer 13

addition of one or more sets of chromosomes identical to haploid complement of same species

Question 14

allopolyploidy

Answer 14

combintaion of chromosome sets from different species - consequence of interspecific matings

Question 15

autotriploids arise due to

Answer 15

failure of chromosomes to segregate during meiotic division

Question 16

autotetraploids have

Answer 16

even number of chromosomes (4n)

Question 17

autotetraploids arise when

Answer 17

chromosomes have replicated, BUT parent cell fails to divide and instead enters interphase

Question 18

allotetraploid/amphidiplid results from hybridization of

Answer 18

two closely related species