Lecture 12 Flashcards
What are the sources of DNA in eukaryotes?
The nucleus has the largest amount of DNA, however both the chloroplast and mitochondria contain DNA if present in the cell
What are the structural features of chloroplasts and mitochondria?
Both are tubular structures which chloroplasts being larger than mitochondria
Both organelles have a double membrane enclosing the matrix in mitochondria and the stroma in chloroplasts
In mitochondria the inner membrane holds enzymes that undergo the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation
Chloroplasts have a third membrane which forms the grana and houses the pigment used in photosynthesis
What are the origins of both mitochondria and chloroplasts?
They are believe to be of endosymbiotic origin where the eukaryotic ancestor was invaded by eubacteria
This invasion was beneficial to both species so a symbiotic relationship was formed
As a result of the lengthy time of the relationship there has been huge change to invading genomes with a large loss or transfer of genes to the nucleus
