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Bio Exam 2 > Lecture 11- Meiosis > Flashcards

Lecture 11- Meiosis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are autosomes/somatic cells?

A

Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome

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2
Q

How many autosomes do humans have?

A

22 pairs, 44 autosomes

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3
Q

Are somatic cells haploid or diploid?

A

Diploid (2n)

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4
Q

What are the sex chromosomes for a male human?

A

XY

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5
Q

What are the sex chromosomes for a female human?

A

XX

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6
Q

From when to when does the human life cycle occur?

A

From conception to production of offspring

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7
Q

What ploidy change occurs during fertilization?

A

Haploid (n) + Haploid (n) = Diploid (2n)

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8
Q

What does fertilization result in?

A

Zygote

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9
Q

What ploidy change occurs during meiosis?

A

Diploid (2n) -> Haploid (n) (ploidy is halved)

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10
Q

What is the overall goal of meiosis?

A

Produce 4 genetically unique daughter cells

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11
Q

How many chromatids are present in a human somatic cell following interphase?

A

92

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12
Q

When does ploidy change during meiosis?

A

Anaphase I

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13
Q

What is the longest stage of meiosis?

A

Prophase I

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14
Q

When does chromosomal crossover occur?

A

Prophase I

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15
Q

What is synapsis?

A

Process by which homologous chromosomes pair up and form a tetrad

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16
Q

What is the name of a chromosome that has undergone crossing over?

A

Recombinant chromosome

17
Q

What occurs during anaphase I?

A

Homologous chromosomes separate (disjunction)

18
Q

True or False: Cells are still diploid (2n) following meiosis I

A

False; following meiosis I, each cell is haploid

19
Q

True or False: Cells undergo interphase following meiosis I, before proceeding to meiosis II

A

False; cells only go through interphase once per cycle

20
Q

True or False: Crossing over occurs once more during prophase II

A

False; chromosomal crossover only occurs during Prophase I

21
Q

What occurs during Anaphase II?

A

Sister chromatids separate (disjunction)

22
Q

True or False: A homologous pair is two sister chromatids joined at the centromere

A

False; a homologous pair consists of one maternal chromosome and one paternal chromosome

Bio Exam 2 (9 decks)

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