Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Principles of Medicine (POM) - Block 2 > Lecture 11: Lymphoid Tissues > Flashcards

Lecture 11: Lymphoid Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are primary lymphoid organs?

A

Where lymphocytes are produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What cells are lymphocytes?

A

B cells,
T cells
Natural killer (NK) cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name some primary lymphoid organs

A

Thymus
Bone marrow
Foetal liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the adaptive immune response comprised of?

A

B and T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the hallmarks of the adaptive immune response?

A

Specificity - provided by range of T cell and B cell receptors
Memory - rapid expansion in response to 2ndary encounter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are primary lymphoid organs?

A

Organs where lymphocytes are produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What cells are lymphocytes?

A

B Cells
T Cells
Natural Killer (NK) cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name some primary lymphoid organs

A

Thymus
Bone marrow
Foetal liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

B cells and T cells make up what response?

A

The adaptive immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the hallmarks of adaptive immunity?

A

Specificity - provided by vast range of unique T cell and B cell receptors
Memory - rapid expansion in response to secondary encounter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bone marrow is the primary site of what?

A

haematopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the definition of repertoire in immunology?

A

the range of genetically distinct BCRs (B cell receptors) or TCRs (T cell receptors) present in a given host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is the B cell repertoire generated?

A

In the bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where do immature T cells migrate to after leaving the bone marrow?

A

To the Thymus (above the heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is special about double negative T cells?

A

Don’t show CD4 or CD8 receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the definition of self in immunology?

A

anything recognised by the immune system as part of your normal molecular make-up

17
Q

What is the definition of non-self in immunology?

A

anything recognised by the immune system as foreign

18
Q

Outline T cell selection in the Thymus

A

Stepwise differentiation
Positive selection - can the T cell receptor signal?
Negative selection - does it react against our own body?
Final selection and exit

19
Q

Why is negative selection important?

A

protects against our autoimmune diseases

20
Q

Define Thymic involution in immunology

A

Shrinking of thymus with age. Associated with change in structure and a reduced mass

21
Q

What happens to the thymus as we get older?

A

It declines with age. The cortex decreases whilst fat increases leading to a much reduced output of new T cells

22
Q

What are secondary lymphoid organs?

A

Where lymphocytes can interact with antigens and other lymphocytes

23
Q

Name some secondary lymphoid organs

A 
Spleen
Lymph nodes
Appendix
Mucosal associated
Lymphoid tissue
24
Q

How are the lymphoid tissue locations around the body connected ?

A

They are interconnected via the lymphatic system and the blood

25
Q

What is the purpose of lymphoid tissues and their various locations?

A

To bring cells in close proximity to antigen

26
Q

Describe the structure of lymph nodes.

A

Distinct T and B cell zones
Afferent (in)lymphatic vessels and efferent (out) lymphatic vessels
Arterial and venous connections

27
Q

Describe the structure of the spleen.

A

Distinct T and B cell zones
Afferent (in)lymphatic vessels and efferent (out) lymphatic vessels
Arterial and venous connections

28
Q

What is beneficial about the epithelial barriers?

A

First line of defence against infection
Physical barrier
Extensive lymphatic network

29
Q

What is the definition of germinal centre in immunology?

A

Anatomically restricted site where B cells undergo mutation and selection to generate high affinity antibodies

30
Q

Describe gut associated lymphoid tissue.

A

Specialised secondary lymphoid tissues called Peyer’s patches
Found below epithelium of ileum of small intestine

31
Q

How often does a naive T cell recirculate?

A

Once every 24 hours

32
Q

How do T cells get into the lymph nodes?

A

T cells enter the lymph nodes through high endothelial venules, and move around within the T-cell area, transiently interacting with large numbers of dendritic cells. They finally leave the node via the efferent lymphatic vessels.

33
Q

Define antigen presentation in immunology.

A

Display of peptides in major histocompatibility complex (MCH) I or II proteins such that the T cell receptor can attempt to bind them.

34
Q

What are dendritic cells?

A

Antigen-presenting cells of mammalian immune system.

35
Q

What is the main function of dendritic cells?

A

To process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells of immune system.
Act as messengers between innate and adaptive immune systems

36
Q

Where do dendritic cells migrate to?

A

To the lymph nodes via afferent lymph vessel

37
Q

What do dendritic cells do when they enter the lymph nodes?

A

They present antigen to T cells

Principles of Medicine (POM) - Block 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions