Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Body Logistics > Lecture 11 - Connective & Adipose Tissue (Part 1) > Flashcards

Lecture 11 - Connective & Adipose Tissue (Part 1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is connective tissue?

A

Tissue that supports, protects, and gives structure to other tissues and organs in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 6 main kinds of connective tissue?

A

Fibrous (dense), Loose (areolar), Blood, Bone, Cartilage, Adipose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 main components of connective tissue and what different kinds do you get?

A

1) Cells - fibroblasts, chondrocytes, osteocytes, stem cells
2) Fibres - collagen, elastin, reticulin
3) Ground substance - proteoglycans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 6 main functions of connective tissue - give an example of a connective tissue that does each.

A

1) Binding and support (e.g.: holding skin, lungs together)
2) Protection (e.g.: bones and fat)
3) Insulation (e.g.: fat and bone marrow)
4) Storage/Fuel reserve (e.g.: fat and bone marrow)
5) Transporting substances (e.g.: blood)
6) Separation of tissues (e.g.: fascia, cartilage, tendons)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is loose and dense connective tissue also known as? What are the 2 types of dense?

A 
Loose = areolar
Dense = fibrous
Irregular dense (fibres run in different directions) and regular dense (fibres run parallel to each other)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What cell and fibre types do loose connective tissue have?

A 
Cells = fibroblasts, macrophages, WBC's, mast cells, adipocytes
Fibres = Collagen & Elastin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of loose connective tissue?

Where is it found?

A
  • Holds vessels together that supply fluid, e.g.: capillaries
  • Involved inflammation pathways
  • Holds things in place and stabilises organs
  • Found under epithelial cell layers, around glands, capillaries etc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 4 main cell types in connective tissue?

A

1) Fibroblasts
2) Macrophages
3) Mast cells
4) Adipocytes (unilocular/white + multilocular/brown)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the role of fibroblasts in connective tissue?

A
  • Synthesise and secrete fibres that lie in ground substance
  • Important in wound healing and formation of scar tissue
  • Can change phenotype into myofibroblasts which contain actin + myosin which are responsible for wound contraction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the role of macrophages in connective tissue?

A

Phagocytose foreign organisms and cell debris & present antigens to T+B lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the role of mast cells in connective tissue?

A

They are coated with IgE which bind allergens. These causes contents of their granules (which contain histamine, heparin and cytokines) to be rapidly released from the cell - therefore involved in the inflammatory response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the role of white/unilocular adipocytes?

How many lipid droplets does it contain and where is the nucleus?

A
  • Provide insulation, energy reserve, padding + shock absorber
  • Single large lipid droplet, nucleus and other organelles squeezed to side of cell
    NB - appear white on H&E staining (see slide)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the role of brown/multilocular adipocytes?

How many lipid droplets does it contain and where is the nucleus?

A
  • Provides insulation and energy reserves.
  • Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation which generates heat
  • Multiple small lipid droplets, nucleus squeezed into centre of cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is there more brown adipose tissue in neonates or adults?

A

Neonates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 4 main fibres found in connective tissue?

A

1) Collagen
2) Reticulin
3) Elastin
4) Fibrillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the main type of collagen fibre?

A

Type 1 - consisting of 90% of all collagen - fibrils aggregate into fibres and fibre bundles.

17
Q

What is the role of collagen, elastin and reticulin fibres in connective tissue?

A 
Collagen = flexible to provide high tensile strength 
Elastin = Allows tissues to recoil after stretch/distention
Reticulin = Provide a supporting framework (only in lymphatic system).
18
Q

What makes up ECM?

A

Ground substance AND fibres

19
Q

What is ground substance? What is it composed of?

A
  • Viscous, clear substance with high water content

- Composed of proteoglycans to which glycosaminoglycans are attached (GAG’s attract water), such as hyaluronic acid.

20
Q

Give a summary of where loose connective tissue is found, and what it is associated with.

A
  • Location JUST beneath the epithelia, around small blood vessels (to get products from glands into blood vessels) and is therefore associated with epithelium of glands
21
Q

Give 2 examples of where loose connective tissue exists.

A

1) The superficial layer of the dermis

2) The submucosa of the colon

Body Logistics (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions