Lecture 11 Flashcards
Disciplinary
Based on a single branch of knowledge
- training people to obey rules
- uses punishment to correct disobedience
multidisciplinary
2 or more disciplines provide their viewpoint on a problem
- little interaction across disciplines
- different paradigms/ideologies raise suspicions and differences in jargon/methods complicate communications
interdisciplinary
More than simple addition
- the recognition/integration of each disciplines values and outputs
- disciplinary boundaries become “fuzzy”
transdisciplinary
holistic approach
- disciplinary perspectives transcend each other and include social stakeholders, including funders, policy makers, and public
Continuous Ovulation
Continuous ovulation implies that women do not have a restricted breeding season and can reproduce throughout the year
- suppression mechanisms are involved in regulating the timing of reproductive events, possibly referring to hormonal processes or environmental and social factors that can influence fertility and reproductive timing.
- “reproductive losses” does NOT equal “reproductive failures.” This suggests a conceptual difference where reproductive losses, such as miscarriages or other pregnancy terminations, might differ from failures to reproduce altogether. This distinction is important in reproductive biology, as it can help researchers understand different factors affecting fertility and the success of reproductive cycles
Conclusions from two main hypotheses of the role of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) in reproductive function and development
- HPAA acts a modulator of reproductive function
- Maternal peri-conceptional HPAA activity could play a role in HPAA programming (basal activity as well as responsively). Importantly, gender and timing of the exposure appear to moderate this putative role
Week-specific associations may be explained by the timing of the exposure to maternal HPAA activation and the developing embryo’s ontogenetic schedule
Arriving at Interdisciplinary
Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative (HeLTI), which is a project developed by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). HeLTI follows the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) approach, focusing on how early life stages influence health outcomes throughout a person’s life. The initiative aims to explore how various factors during development, such as genetics, environment, and lifestyle, contribute to long-term health and the risk of disease.
non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for over 60% of global deaths. NCDs, such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer, are not spread from person to person but are often linked to lifestyle and environmental factors. The HeLTI initiative seeks to address these issues by understanding and intervening at early developmental stages to potentially reduce the burden of these diseases
Indigenous healthy life trajectories initiative (I-HeLTI) - CIHR
The Indigenous Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative (I-HeLTI) highlights the significant health challenges faced by Indigenous Peoples in Canada, particularly concerning Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). These include conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and those related to mental wellness. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) emphasizes the priority of addressing these issues due to the disparities in health outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Canadians.
The prevalence of NCDs, including mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, substance use, and suicide, is notably higher among Indigenous populations. These mental health challenges, combined with cardio-metabolic conditions like obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, underscore a critical health burden. The I-HeLTI seeks to address these disparities through targeted research and funding, aiming to improve health and wellness among Indigenous communities.
Indigenous healthy life trajectories initiative (I-HeLTI) - colonisation processes
- physical and psychosocial trauma
- altered ancestral community and family bonds and practices, social dynamics, diet and physical activity patterns, thus cultural identity
- the historical treatment of Indigenous peoples in Canada is now recognised as a crime against humanity
- Despite this traumatic past, some indigenous communities are taking leadership in creating new health and wellness systems that better meet people’s needs
Indigenous healthy life trajectories initiative (I-HeLTI) - stress exposure (colonisation) and its link to mental health (anxiety, depression, substance use) & cardio-metabolic problems are related to:
- educational attainment, productivity and wellness from childhood through adulthood
- which in turn, hinder the provision of positive environments for future generations
Partnership with DOHaD researchers DOHaD valuable contributions to
- understand the biological mechanisms that perpetuate marginalisation and inequities
- identify social, environmental and biological factors that facilitate resilience
- use said information for the development of strategies to prevent harmful exposures and remediate their effects once they had taken place
Two-eyed seeing
Coined by Elder Albert Marshall
- by engaging multiple perspectives (western and indigenous) we may increase our chances to understand the natural world as we obtain a wider, deeper, and more generative field of view than might either of these perspectives in permanent isolation
