Lecture 10 - Plant Mineral Nutrient Flashcards
essential element
an element needed for the completion of life cycle that is needed to perform necessary physiological functions
_____% of plant dry mass is composed of C, O, and H
93
mineral nutrients
elements obtained mainly from the soil
what are the main nutrients contained in fertilizers
nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)
aspects to consider to determine amount of fertilizer needed
type of plant, soil characteristics, cultivation practices, developmental stage, financial, interactions between nutrients, and abiotic/biotic factors
soil characteristics that could affect how much fertilizer should be used
1) residual nutrients
2) rate of nutrient leaching
3) pH
4) soil particle size
5) presence of microbes
primary macronutrients
N,P,K
secondary macronutrients
Mg, S, Ca
law of the minimum
most limiting resource determines the yield
very mobile nutrients
N, P, K, Mg
where do deficiency symptoms appear first with very mobile nutrients
older leaves, then it spreads
moderately mobile nutrients
S, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn
where do deficiency symptoms appear first with moderately mobile nutrients
seen over entire plant
immobile nutrients
B, Ca
plants assimilate mineral nutrients mainly as _____ or ______
cations or anions
hoagland nutrient solution
use the highest possible concentrations of nutrients without producing toxicity symptoms to promote rapid plant growth
critical concentration of nutrients
the concentration of nutrients that produces max growth without any waste/extra
what is the optimal pH range for most plants
5.5<pH<7.0
cation exchange capacity
degree to which a soil can absorb and exchange ions
why is pH important
it affects nutrient availability, soil microbes, and root growth
what does a higher cation exchange capacity mean
more potential for minerals in the soil
how does a soil particle take up nutrients
cations bind to negatively charged soil particles
how do plants get nutrients from soil
they secrete H+ to exchange with bound cations
Micronutrients
Fe, Cl, B, Mn, Na, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mo
