Lecture 10: Missionary Mania

Question 1

What are the Jesuits?

Answer 1

Society of Jesus, 1540
“The cross and the sword”
Think war clerics or paladins

Question 2

Who are the main historical figures of the Mariana Islands during the Spanish Holy Mission?

Answer 2

• Fr. San Vitores: mission founder/leader, 1668 – 1672
• Maga’lahe Kepuha (Chief Quipuha), 1668
• Maga’lahe Mata’pang: 1672

Question 3

Is Hagiography Eurocentric?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

What is Hagiography?

Answer 4

The history of the saints and perceiving them as “Holy”

Question 5

What is Martyr?

Answer 5

Someone killed for religious beliefs

Question 6

How was the religious missions on the Marianas Islands perceived as?

Answer 6

• The 3rd G: God on Spain’s side
• Eurocentric, Hagiographic
• “holy war”
• Peaceful (violence deemphasized)

Question 7

What were the titles of San Vitores?

Answer 7

– “Blessed Diego of the Marianas”
– “Apostle of Peace”

Question 8

Who were the “Heroes” or “Good Christians”?

Answer 8

Maga’lahe Quipuha

Question 9

Who was Maga’lahe Quipuha?

Answer 9

• Friend of the mission
• Supporter of San Vitores
• Described as a “good Christian”

Question 10

Who were perceived as the Villains?

Answer 10

• CHAMORROS
• as Pagans, followers of Satan
• as “Rebels”
  – Not as defenders of their land, families, and culture

Question 11

Who and why was the Mariana Islands named this way.

Answer 11

Queen Mariana de Austria because she helped fund San Vitores’ religious mission

Question 12

What was Reducción: Jesuit Mission Policy?

Answer 12

“reduce” one’s life so that Jesus Christ is at the center

Question 13

How did the Spanish convince the Chamorros that they can stay on the islands?

Answer 13

They kept giving iron

Question 14

What were the reason for early conversions on the Mariana Islands?

Answer 14

–Religious motives
–Economic motives
–Political motives
–Social motives