Lecture 10 - How to Quantify Obesity Flashcards
_____ is any excess adipose tissue outside of healthy range
Overweight
Body Mass Index is a ratio of what?
height and weight
Who developed the BMI
Adolphe Quetelet
BMI Formula
weight in kg / height in meters squared
Why is it difficult to show BMI in children?
Children are constantly growing and changing
What do we use instead of BMI in children? (2)
- Percentiles: how child measures up to what is considered to be healthy
- zBMI
What are the benefits of BMI
- Inexpensive
- Easy to calculate
- Accurate for most of population
- Makes population-level surveillance possible
- lot of population already know measures need to calculate
What is body composition?
tissues that your body is made of
What are the two main types of tissue?
- Fat/Adipose
- Fat Free
What are the two body shapes of obesity and which are more common for who?
- Android (Apple); Men
- Gynoid (pear): Women
Android fat distribution entails ____________ of fat that surrounds the organs
abdominal accumulation
Benefits of waist circumference measurement
Inexpensive and accessible
little training and equipment
very easy to do
Drawbacks of waist circumference measurement
little overall information
limited to one area
hard to figure out where the waist is
What are the two types of fat
Brown and white
Which type of fat is more metabolically active?
Brown fat
______ fat has a higher mitochondrial density and is active in thermogenesis
brown
______ fat primary use is storage and protection
white
The ___________ measurement tells us where we store fat and what type of fat
waist-to-hip ratio
A Magnetic Resonance Imaging machines measure ______ and _______ to create detailed images
magnetic field ; radio waves
Benefits of MRI
High accuracy
Repeated assessments possible
Drawbacks of MRI
Expensive and Inaccessible
Specialized training required
Benefits of CT
High accuracy and definition
Drawbacks of CT
Expensive and Inaccessible
Specialized training required
too much radiation for repeated use
Patient burden - risks outweigh any results
_____________ measures the total body composition, specific regions and bone density
Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry
