LECTURE 10 Flashcards
How many lobes does the right lung have
3
How many lobes does the left lung have
2 lobes
Lower respiratory System: functions
Mucociliary “ blanket”: catches particles 2-5um. Cilia moves them to be swallowed or expectorated: filtration. 100ml mucous produced a day
Warming and humidification. Ie Bronchial spasm of cold air intake.
Passage for air
Gas exchange
what makes up the conducting zone of the respiratory system
nasal cavity
pharynx
larynx
bronchi
bronchioles
terminal bronchioles
what makes up the respiratory zone of the respiratory system
respiratory bronchioles
alveolar ducts
alveolar sacs
alveoli
Creating air flow: Inhalation
Diaphragm contracts, external intercostal muscles contract
Chest cavity and lung volume expand
Alveolar pressure drops to 758mmHg
Atmospheric pressure (760mmHg) is now higher than internal pressure
Air is drawn in from high to low pressure
Creating Air Flow: Exhalation
Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax
Lungs spring back (recoil) and chest cavity contracts
Contraction increases alveolar pressure to 762mmHg
Air flows out of lungs towards lower atmospheric pressure (760mmHg)
What is Boyle’s law?
As volume increases, pressure decreases
As volume decreases, pressure increases
Pulmonary Ventilation: factors that affect efficiency
compliance
surface tension
airway resistance
Neural Control of Breathing
Respiratory centres in the Medulla oblongata and midbrain control breathing.
Pontine respiratory Centre in mid brain
Dorsal Respiratory Group in medulla
Ventral Respiratory Group in medulla
tidal volume definition
Amount taken in and exhaled on a normal breath
Inspiratory reserve volume definition
Amount taken in in a deep breath
Expiratory Reserve Volume definition
Amount exhaled in a forced exhalation
Residual volume definition
Air not exchanged but stays in lungs to keep inflated
Inspiratory capacity definition
Tidal volume + inspiratory Reserve Volume
