Lecture 1: Welcome to NUTR 511: Analysis of Nutrition Data Flashcards
What is data?
facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis
- anything that is recorded
Structured vs Unstructured Data
unstructured: the other category on surveys or questionnaires. People can write whatever they want
structured: in nutrition, FFQs
Why is dietary intake data unique?
Very variable.
What are databases? Give some examples.
Organized data for analyses
- CCHS (Canadian Community Health Survey)
- CHMS (Canadian Health Measures Survey)
- NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey)
What are Nurses’ Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study?
- they found out that trans fats are bad for health.
Give examples for epidemiological investigations that we discussed in class?
- Nurses’ Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study
- EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)
What did the EPIC study find?
- let us understand the link between red meat, processed meat intake and colorectal cancer risk
- dietary fat and potential cancer risk
What is CCHS?
Canadian Community Health Survey
- initiated in 2001
- cross-sectional survey that collects information related to health status, healthcare utilization, and health determinants for the Canadian population.
What are the objectives of the CCHS?
- Support health surveillance programs by providing health data at the national, provincial and intra-provincial levels
- Provide a single data source for health research on small populations and rare characteristics
- Timely release of information readily accessible to a diverse community of users
- Create a flexible survey that includes a rapid response option to address emerging issues related to the health of the population
How does the CCHS collect dietary information?
self-reported 2x24h dietary recalls
How many people participate in the CCHS and how often?
at least 65,000 every 2 years
What is CHMS?
Canadian Health Measures Survey
- initiated in 2007: collects questionnaire data as well as direct physical measurement (BP, height, weight, physical fitness, bone density, and vision exams)
What is the composition of CHMS?
- the first part of the survey is household interview, detailed assessment of health-related topics
- second part of the survey is a visit to a mobile examination center (MEC) to collect physical measures.
What are the objectives of CHMS?
- create national baseline data on obesity, hypertension, CVD, exposure to infectious diseases, and exposure to environmental contaminants.
- CHMS Biobank: stores blood, urine and DNA samples to test for chronic and infectious diseases, biomarkers, and for use in future health research projects.
How does CHMS collect dietary intake information?
self-reported FFQ and biomarkers
How many people participate in the CHMS and how often?
at least 5,000 every 2 years
What is the difference between CCHS and CHMS in collecting dietary data?
CCHS uses 2x24h recalls and CHMS uses FFQs
CCHS is getting the recent intake whereas, CHMS is getting the usual intake of Canadians.
What is NHANES?
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
- Began in 1960s
What are the objectives of NHANES?
- Assess health and nutritional status of adults and children
- Determine the prevalence of major diseases and risk factors for diseases
- Form the basis for national standards for measurement such as height, weight, and blood pressure
What does NHANES consist of?
questionnaire data and direct physical measurements
self-reported dietary intake (24h recall) and biomarkers
How many people participate in the NHANES and how often?
at least 5,000 per year
NHANES vs CHMS
NHANES is the US counterpart of CHMS both collect questionnaire data and biomarkers
NHANES uses 24h recall while CHMS uses FFQs
What is health reports?
it is a journal that publishes primary finding of CCHS and CHMS. Not just nutrition but also mental health, physical activity, addiction, etc.
What are the exclusions in Canadian surveys?
- infants and children (CCHS excludes <12 years old, CHMS excludes <3 years old)
- living on reserve
- institutionalized
- serving in the military
