Lecture 1 - The Scope of Measurement

Question 1

How can LOVE be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 1

Help identify appropriate soul mates, friendships, compatibility without the need for social awkwardness.

Question 2

How can FAMILY SERVICES be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 2

Help to make critical decisions to keep families together or not easier, based on data.

Question 3

How can HEALTH be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 3

Helps to select optimal candidates and training of health professionals. Helps with diagnosing behavioral disorders.

Question 4

How can GOVERNMENT be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 4

An objective assessment of candidates values and ability to manage range of situations that cuts through the spin. Measure how they cope with certain situations.

Question 5

How can CRIME & POLICING be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 5

Are they guilty? Determine without need for trail or investigation. Also, for reliably evaluating mental stability/behavioural disorders.

Question 6

How can MILITARY DEFENCE be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 6

Can evaluate training interventions and monitoring personnel skill levels.

Question 7

How can ART be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 7

Help art collectors with investment decisions in art.

Question 8

How can SCIENCE be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 8

Requires high level of training and skills, so can help evaluate program and also personnel selections.

Question 9

How can TECHNOLOGY be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 9

Can help determine whether there are design problems and generate a range of potential solutions.

Question 10

How can EDUCATION be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 10

Can help identify whether a student has reached the required level of competency without the need for stressful examinations or grueling assignments.

Question 11

How can CAREERS be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 11

Help identify careers that match your personality.

Question 12

How can SPORT be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 12

Allow accurate and unbiased scoring of sporting fixtures.

Question 13

How can INFRASTRUCTURE & TRANSPORT be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 13

Can help to assess driver’s crash risk, evaluate effectiveness of training, enforcement and, environmental measures.

Question 14

How can ECONOMY & BUSINESS be potentially improved by the use of human measurement?

Answer 14

Help evaluate effectiveness of different strategies or marketing techniques.

Question 15

What are 5 ways of measuring driving behaviour?

Answer 15

1. Observational measures
2. In-car/instrumented vehicle measures
3. Driving simulator measures
4. Tests of attributes not specific to driving that may predict driving performance
5. Questionnaires/interviews

Question 16

In regards to driving, what is an observational measure?

Answer 16

Roadside observational studies – real life studies – measure how fast a driver is going, how close, age, gender etc.

Question 17

What are 2 advantages of observational measures?

Answer 17

1. Measuring actual behavior in the real world

2. Drivers are unaware that they are being monitored.

Question 18

What are 2 disadvantages of observational measures?

Answer 18

1. Information is limited (you can’t ask drivers psychological measures).
2. Experimental control is difficult, compared to monitoring in labs and adding interventions.

Question 19

Give examples of observational measures.

Answer 19

Researchers counting/classifying/rating behavioural events (e.g. traffic conflicts). Taking direct measurements (e.g. speed of cars, headway between cars etc.).

Question 20

In regards to driving, what is an in-car/instrumented vehicle measure?

Answer 20

Still in the real world, with either instructor in car/rigged car, or driver can be monitored with in car camera for several months recording behavior when a hard break/steer has occurred.

Question 21

Give examples of in-car/instrumented vehicle measures.

Answer 21

Heart rate, electrodermal response (stress), eye tracking, eye blinks. Vehicle movement (e.g. speed, number of steering movements). Researchers counting/classifying/rating behavioural events (e.g. overtaking propensity) this can still be considered as an observational measure.

Question 22

What are 2 advantages of car/instrumented vehicle measures?

Answer 22

1. Detailed information can be collected.

2. Measures actual driver behaviour

Question 23

What are 2 disadvantages of car/instrumented vehicle measures?

Answer 23

1. Drivers aware that they are being monitored.

2. Experimental control is still difficult as they are driving in the real world.

Question 24

In regards to driving, what is an driving simulator measure?

Answer 24

Lab based. Safe, convenient and alternative way of measuring driving performance on road.

Question 25

Give examples of driving simulator measures.

Answer 25

Heart rate, electrodermal response (stress), eye tracking, eye blinks. Vehicle movement (e.g. speed, number of steering movements). Researchers counting/classifying/rating behavioural events (e.g. overtaking propensity). Response times and judgements with respect to standardised events presented to participants (e.g. hazards).

Question 26

What are 2 advantages of driving simulator measures?

Answer 26

1. Experimental control can be excellent

2. Detailed information can be collected

Question 27

What are 2 disadvantages of driving simulator measures?

Answer 27

1. Not real. Must be validated

2. Can be (though not necessarily) expensive.