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Block 3 > Lecture 1- The Limbic System > Flashcards

Lecture 1- The Limbic System Flashcards

1
Q

Define the limbic system

A

Describes the limbic lobe, together with closely associated subcortical nuclei including the amygdala, septum, hypothalamus, habenula, anterior thalamic nuclei, parts of basal ganglia

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2
Q

Divisions of limbic structures

A

Archicortex
Paleocortex
Neocortex

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3
Q

Archicortex

A

Dentate gyrus
Subiculum
Hippocampus proper
= Hippocampal formation

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4
Q

Hippocampal formation

A

Hippocampus
Fimbria
Dentate gyrus
Subiculum

Plays a decisive role

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5
Q

Paleocortex

A

Piriform cortex of anterior hippocampal gyrus

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6
Q

Neocortex

A

Cingulate gyrus

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7
Q

Parts of the limbic system (modern definition)

A 
Cingulate cortex
Amygdala
Septal Nuclei
Hippocampal formation
Part of hypothalamus (mammillary bodies)
Ant nuclei of dorsal thalamus
Vent striatopallidal complex
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8
Q

Cortex components of limbic system

A 
Cingulate gyrus
Subcallosal gyrus
Dentate gyrus
Parahippocampal gyrus
Hippocampal formation
Hippocampus proper
Subiculum
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9
Q

Nuclei of the limbic system

A

Amygdaloid body (nuclear complex)
Septal nuclei (nuclear complex)
Some thalamic nuclei
Some hypothalamic nuclei

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10
Q

Connections of limbic system

A 
Alveus
Cingulum
Fimbria
Fornix
Mammillothalamic tract
Mammillointerpeduncular tract
Mammillotegmental tract
Perforant pathway
Septohippocampal tract
Stria terminalis
Stria medullaris thalami
Ventral amygdalohypothalamic tract
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11
Q

Limbic lobe

A

Cingulate gyrus

  • Hyppocampal formation
  • – via fornix
  • Amygdala
  • – via stria terminalis or ventral amygdalofugal pathway
  • Septum
  • – via forebrain bundle

All to Hypothalamus

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12
Q

Neocortical input to the limbic system

A

Parieto-occipital association cortex
Frontal association cortex
Temporal association cortex

to the limbic system, to the hypothalamus

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13
Q

Papez circuit definition

A

Closed circuit which linked the hippocapus with the cingulate cortex, via the mammillary bodies and anterior thalamus

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14
Q

Papex circuit theory

A

Emotional expression is …
organised in the hippocampus
experienced in the cingulate gyrus
expressed via the mammillary bodies

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15
Q

Components of Papex circuit

A 
Backward-projecting neurons
Projection into the entorhinal cortex
Projection into hippocampus
Fornix
Mammillothalamic tract
Projections from anterior nucleus of thalamus to cingulate cortex
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16
Q

Papez circuit purpose

A

Hypothalamus is the site where hippocampal processes gain access to autonomic nervous system outflow that controls expression of emotional states

Involved in cognitive processes, mneumonic functions and spatial short-term memory, and behavioural expression or emotions

17
Q

Factors in production of emotion

A

The reinforcement contingency
Intensity of the reinforcer
Environmental stimuli have a number of different reinforcement associations

18
Q

Theories for function of emotion

A

Elicitation of autonomic and endocrine responses prepare body for action
Flexibility of behavioural response to reinforcement stimuli
Motivation
Communication
Social bonding
Cognitive elevations of events or memories
Storage of memories
Continued motivation and direction of behaviour
Triggering of memories stored in neocortex

19
Q

The septal nuclei location

A
  • Beneath rostrum of corpus collosum
  • Dorsal to ant commisure
  • Ant to columns of fornix
20
Q

Septal nuclei groups

A

Dorsal (dorsal septal)
Lateral (lateral septal)
Medial (medial septal nuclei and nuclei of diagonal band of Broca)
Caudal (fimbrial and triangular septal nuclei)

21
Q

Efferent connections of medial septal nuclei

A

Habenular (via stria medullaris)
Hypothalamus (preoptic, lateral and mammillary bodies)
Hippocampus (most parts, except CA1)

22
Q

Afferent connections of medial septal nuclei

A

Hypothalamus (preoptic, lateral, anterior, ventromedial)

Most are GABAergic or cholinergic and form part of topographical organised basal forebrain cholinergic system

23
Q

Efferent connections of lateral septal nuclear group

A

Medial septal nuclear group
Hypothalamus (area above mammillary bodies, lateral dorsomedial preoptic anterior)
Ventral tegmental area

24
Q

Afferent connections of lateral septal nuclear group

A 
Hippocampal formation (some from both sides of brain)
Ventral tegmental area (dopamine)
Locus coeruleus (noradrenaline)
Amygdala
25
Q

Caudal connections of caudal septal nuclear group

A

Efferents

  • Habenular nuclei (via stria medullaris)
  • Some via fasciculus retroflexus to interpeduncular nucleus

Afferents
-Hippocampus

26
Q

Dorsal connections of caudal septal nuclear group

A

Efferents
- Medial septal group

Afferents
- Not well understood

27
Q

Functions of septal region

A

Use of environmental stimulation

Helps to pay less attention to insignificant stimuli

Modulator of autonomic reactions and coordinated bodily reactions

Each regions plays a specific role with regard to its influence on internal organ behaviour

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