Lecture 1 - Studies

Question 1

Population

Answer 1

All people/things you are studying and are interested in learning about.

Question 2

Sample

Answer 2

The people/things you actually go talk to/look at.

Question 3

Sampling method

Answer 3

How you choose who to include in your example (e.g. do you pick people randomly? Do you get all people who live in certain zip codes?)

Question 4

Variable

Answer 4

Questions that you ask (e.g. “How old are you?”) and data that you get as answers to those questions (21, 20, 18, …)

Question 5

Associated variables

Answer 5

When a change in one variable may be related to a change in another variable (e.g. the sales of ice cream and the temperature outside).

Question 6

Explanatory variable

Answer 6

The input variable which (is hypothesized to) have a direct effect on the output variable. For example: we expect family income has an effect on success in college. The input variable is family income, and the output variable is success in college.

Question 7

Response variable

Answer 7

The output variable which (is hypothesized to) be directly affected by the input variable. For example: we expect family income has an effect on success in college. The input variable is family income, and the output variable is success in college.