Lecture 1 - Rule-based Expert Systems

Question 1

Fill in the blanks

In the ?, it was finally accepted that to make a machine solve an intellectual problem one had to know the solution.

1 word

Introduction, or what is knowledge?

Answer 1

1970s

Question 2

Fill in the blanks

In other words, one has to have knowledge, ‘?’, in some specific domain.

2 words with “-“

Introduction, or what is knowledge?

Answer 2

know-how

Question 3

Identify

? is a theoretical or practical understanding of a subject or a domain.

1 word

Introduction, or what is knowledge?

Answer 3

Knowledge

Question 4

Identify

? is also the sum of what is currently known, and apparently ? is power.

1 word

Introduction, or what is knowledge?

Answer 4

Knowledge

Question 5

Fill in the blanks

Anyone can be considered a ? if he or she has deep knowledge (of both facts and rules) and strong practical experience in a particular domain.

2 words

Who is generally acknowledged as an expert?

Answer 5

domain expert

Question 6

Fill in the blanks

The ? of the domain may be limited.

1 word

Who is generally acknowledged as an expert?

Answer 6

area

Question 7

Fill in the blanks

The ? is internal, and it is too complex to be represented as an algorithm.

3 words

Who is generally acknowledged as an expert?

Answer 7

human mental process

Question 8

Fill in the blanks

However, most experts are capable of expressing their knowledge in the form of rules for ?.

2 words

Who is generally acknowledged as an expert?

Answer 8

problem solving

Question 9

Enumerate

(2) Any rule consists of two parts: ? ??

1 word each

Rules as a knowledge representation technique

Answer 9

• If called Antecedent
• Then called Consequent

Question 10

Identify

Antecedent AKA ? or ??

1 word each

Rules as a knowledge representation technique

Answer 10

Premise or Condition

Question 11

Identify

Consequent AKA ? or ??

1 word each

Rules as a knowledge representation technique

Answer 11

Conclusion or Action

Question 12

Fill in the blanks

In general, a rule can have multiple antecedents joined by the keywords ?, ?? or ???.

Rules as a knowledge representation technique

Answer 12

• AND (conjunction)
• OR (disjunction)
• a combination of both

Question 13

True or False (Modified)

However, it is a good habit to avoid mixing antecedents and disjunctions in the same rule.

1 word

Rules as a knowledge representation technique

Answer 13

• False
• conjunctions

Question 14

True or False (Modified)

The consequent of a rule can also have multiple causes:

1 word

Rules as a knowledge representation technique

Answer 14

• False
• clauses

Question 15

Enumerate

(5) Rules representations techniques?

1 word each

Rules as a knowledge representation technique

Answer 15

• Relation
• Recommendation
• Strategy
• Directive
• Heuristic

Question 16

Fill in the blanks

As soon as knowledge is provided by a ?, we can input it into a computer.

2 words

The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 16

human expert

Question 17

Fill in the blanks

We expect the computer to act as an ? in some specific domain of expertise or to solve a problem that would otherwise have to be solved by an expert.

2 words

The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 17

intelligent assistant

Question 18

Fill in the blanks

We also would like the computer to be able to integrate new knowledge and to show its knowledge in a form that is easy to read and understand, and to deal with simple sentences in a ? rather than an artificial programming language.

2 words

The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 18

natural language

Question 19

Identify

? - Provides specialized knowledge and expertise in the specific area the expert system is designed for.

2 words

The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 19

Domain Expert

Question 20

Fill in the blanks

The responsibilities of a ? is to supplies the facts, rules, and heuristics that form the knowledge base of the system and works closely with the knowledge engineer to transfer expertise in a structured format.

2 words

The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 20

domain expert

Question 21

Identify

? - The ? is someone who is capable of designing, building and testing an expert system.

2 words

The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 21

Knowledge Engineer

Question 22

Identify

? This person is responsible for selecting an appropriate task for the expert system.

2 words

The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 22

Knowledge Engineer

Question 23

Identify

? He or she interviews the domain expert to find out how a particular problem is solved.

2 words

The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 23

Knowledge Engineer

Question 24

Identify

? - The ? is the person responsible for the actual programming, describing the domain knowledge in terms that a computer can understand.

1 word

The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 24

Programmer

Question 25

# Identify The **?** needs to have skills in **symbolic programming**. | 1 word ## Footnote The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 25

Programmer

Question 26

# Identify **?** - The **?** is the **leader of the expert system development team**, responsible for keeping the project on track. | 2 words ## Footnote The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 26

Project manager

Question 27

# Identify **?** He or she **makes sure that all deliverables and milestones are met**, interacts with the expert, knowledge engineer, programmer and end-user. | 2 words ## Footnote The main players in the expert system development team

Answer 27

Project manager

Question 28

# Identify The **?** **contains the domain knowledge** useful for problem solving. | 2 words ## Footnote Structure of a rule-based expert system

Answer 28

knowledge base

Question 29

# Fill in the blanks In a **rule-based expert system**, the knowledge is represented as a set of **?**. | 1 word ## Footnote Structure of a rule-based expert system - Knowledge base

Answer 29

rules

Question 30

# Fill in the blanks Each rule **specifies a relation, recommendation, directive, strategy or heuristic** and has the **?** structure. | 4 words ## Footnote Structure of a rule-based expert system - Knowledge base

Answer 30

IF (condition) THEN (action)

Question 31

# Fill in the blanks When the condition part of a rule is satisfied, the rule is said to fire and the action part is **?**. | 1 word ## Footnote Structure of a rule-based expert system - Knowledge base

Answer 31

executed

Question 32

# Identify The **?** includes a **set of facts** used to **match against** the IF (condition) parts of rules **stored in the knowledge base**. | 1 word ## Footnote Structure of a rule-based expert system

Answer 32

database

Question 33

# Identify The **?** **carries out the reasoning** whereby the expert system reaches a solution. | 2 words ## Footnote Structure of a rule-based expert system

Answer 33

inference engine

Question 34

# Identify **?** It links the rules given in the knowledge base with the facts provided in the database. | 2 words ## Footnote Structure of a rule-based expert system

Answer 34

inference engine

Question 35

# Identify The **?** enable the user to **ask the expert system** how a particular conclusion is reached and why a specific fact is needed. | 2 words ## Footnote Structure of a rule-based expert system

Answer 35

explanation facilities

Question 36

# Identify An **?** must be **able to explain its reasoning** and justify its advice, analysis or conclusion. | 2 words ## Footnote Structure of a rule-based expert system - Explanation facilities

Answer 36

expert system

Question 37

# Identify The **?** is the **means of communication** between a **user seeking a solution** to the problem and an expert system. The communication should be as **meaningful and friendly as possible.** | 2 words ## Footnote Structure of a rule-based expert system - Explanation facilities

Answer 37

user interface

Question 38

# Identify **?** A **method of reasoning** that **starts with the facts** and works its way forward to deduce new facts or **reach a conclusion**. | 2 words

Answer 38

Forward chaining

Question 39

# Identify **?** A **method of reasoning** that **starts with a goal** and works backwards to see **if there are facts and rules that support this goal.** | 2 words

Answer 39

Backward chaining

Question 40

# Identify **?**: It moves forward **based on the available information**. Best for situations **where all facts are available and need to infer** new facts. | 2 words

Answer 40

Data-driven

Question 41

# Identify **?**: **Works backward** from what you want to prove. Best for situations **where you have a specific conclusion to prove** and need to check if it's valid. | 2 words

Answer 41

Goal-driven