Lecture 1: Pharmacology Orientation and Scope Flashcards

1
Q

What does each hypertensive pharmalogical suffix mean?

  1. -lol
  2. -sin
  3. -pril
  4. -pine
  5. -ide
A
  1. beta blocker
  2. alpha blocker
  3. ACE inhibitor
  4. calcium channel blockers
  5. diuretic agents
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2
Q

What is Functional Antagonism?

A

2 antagonists interact with different receptors to produce opposite effects

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3
Q

What is Chemical Antagonism?

A

a drug counters the effect of another resulting in decreased effect

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4
Q

What is Dispositional Antagonism?

A

metabolism of a chemical is altered and the concentration/duration of the chemical is diminished

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5
Q

What is Receptor Antagonism?

A

receptor configuration and specificity

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6
Q

What are Pharmaceutical Alternatives?

A

same drugs having different salt/complexes, or different dosage forms/strengths

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7
Q

What is Therapeutic Equivalence and what are two things that are expected to be the same between the two?

A

drugs that are pharmaceutically-equivalent and have same THERAPEUTIC EFFECT and SAFETY PROFILE

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8
Q

What is Pharmaceutical Equivalence?

A

drugs with same ingredients, dosage form/route, and strength/concentration

  • brand name vs generic form
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9
Q

What is the difference between A and B Codes for Therapeutic Equivalence?

A

A code - therapeutically equivalent to other pharmaceutically equivalent products

B code - considered NOT to be therapeutically equivalent to other pharmaceutically equivalent products

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10
Q

What are the following amounts for:

  1. tsp
  2. tbsp
  3. oz
  4. quart
  5. pint
  6. gallon
A
  1. 5 ml
  2. 15 ml (3 tsps)
  3. ounce (30 ml or 2 tbsp or 6 tsp)
  4. 946 mL (2 pints = 1 quart)
  5. 473 mL (16 oz = 1 pint)
  6. 3.79 L (4 quarts or 8 pints)
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11
Q

What is the Dosage Formula?

A

(D / H) x Q = individual dosage to be administered

D = doctors order (amount doctor prescribed)
H = amount available at the pharmacy
Q = form of the medication
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12
Q

What do these abbreviations mean:

  1. q.d.
  2. b.i.d.
  3. t.i.d.
  4. q.i.d.
  5. q.o.d.
  6. q.”x”.h.
A
  1. every day or daily
  2. twice daily
  3. three times daily
  4. four times daily
  5. every other day
  6. every “x” of hours
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13
Q

What do these abbreviations mean:

  1. q.a.m.
  2. q.p.m.
  3. q.h.s.
  4. p.r.n.
  5. a.c.
  6. p.c.
A
  1. every morning
  2. every evening
  3. every night at bedtime
  4. as needed
  5. before meals
  6. after meals
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14
Q

What do these abbreviations mean:

  1. o.d.
  2. o.s.
  3. o.u.
  4. a.d.
  5. a.s.
  6. a.u.
  7. gtt
A
  1. right eye
  2. left eye
  3. both eyes
  4. right ear
  5. left ear
  6. both ears
  7. drops
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15
Q

What do these abbreviations mean:

  1. p.o.
  2. s.l.
  3. i.v.
  4. i.m.
  5. s.q.
  6. p.r.
  7. NGT
  8. OGT
A
  1. by mouth
  2. sublingually (under the tongue)
  3. intravenously
  4. intramuscular
  5. subcutaneously
  6. per rectum
  7. Naso-Gastric Tube
  8. Oro-Gastric Tube
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16
Q

What is the difference between:

Schedule 1 Drugs
Schedule 2 Drugs
Schedule 3 Drugs
Schedule 4 Drugs
Schedule 5 Drugs
A
  1. all research use illegal under federal law
    • no accepted medical use/high abuse potential
  2. no telephone Rx’s and no refills
    • high abuse potential, severe dependence
  3. new Rx written after 6 months or 5 refills
    • high abuse potential, severe dependence
  4. Rx must be written after 6 months/5 refills
    • low abuse potential, low dependence risk
  5. non-opioid Rx, dispensed w/o Rx
    • limited quantities of certain narcotics
17
Q

What are 4 examples of Schedule 1 drugs? (RMLP)

A

Rohypnol (Flunitrazepam)
Marijuana (this has most likely changed)
LSD
PCP

18
Q

What are 4 examples of Schedule 2/3 drugs? (OCAP)

A

Opioids
Cannabinoids
Amphetamines
Phenobarbital

19
Q

What are 3 examples of Schedule 4 drugs? (PPA)

A

Propoxyphene
Phenteramine
Alprazolam