Lecture 1: Pathological Basis Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the five layers of the epidermis?

A

Stratum corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale, basement membrane

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2
Q

Approx how long does it take to heal the epidermis?

A

1 month

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3
Q

Why does epidermis take a long time to heal?

A

No blood vessels - relies on dermis

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4
Q

Which layers of the skin have nerves?

A

Dermis

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5
Q

What are the three plexi of blood vessels in the skin?

A

Superficial, middle and deep dermis

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6
Q

What are the two main glands in the skin?

A

Sebaceous and apocrine (sweat)

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7
Q

What is the most common hair follicle phase?

A

Telogen (resting)

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8
Q

WHich layer is thickened in hyperkeratosis?

A

Stratum corneum

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9
Q

What is the difference between orthokeratotic and parakeratotic hyperkeratosis?

A

Orthokeratotic has no nuclei in stratum corneum, parakeratotic does have nuclei

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10
Q

Which layer is thickened in acanthosis?

A

Spinosum

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11
Q

What are the projections called in acanthosis?

A

Rete pegs

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12
Q

What is exocytosis?

A

Leucocytes in the epidermis

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13
Q

What is seborrhea sicca?

A

Scaly, hyperkeratosis

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14
Q

What is seborrhea oligosa?

A

Lots of glandular production

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15
Q

What is seborrhea?

A

Increased epidermal cell turnover, keratin scales, acanthosis

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16
Q

What is acantholysis?

A

Separation of cells of prickle cell layer

17
Q

What is pigmentary incontinence?

A

Melanin phagocytosed by macrophages in upper dermis

18
Q

What is panniculitis?

A

Inflammation in subcutaneous fat

19
Q

What is adenitis?

A

Inflammation of skin glands

20
Q

Which deficiency can cause depigmentation?

A

Cu

21
Q

What is the usual cause of follicular casts in an older animal?

A

2ry to something else

22
Q

What causes an epidermal collarette?

A

2ry lesion after pustule bursts

23
Q

What kind of virus causes hydropic degeneration?

A

Poxvirus