Lecture 1 (Part 4)

Question 1

What are the four levels of Transparency?

Answer 1

1. Fragmentation Transparency
2. Location Transparency
3. Local Mapping Transparency
4. No Transparency

Question 2

What is Fragmentation Transparency?

Answer 2

The users or application programmers working on global relations are not aware of the split of a relation into several fragments

Question 3

What is Location Transparency?

Answer 3

The users or application programmers working on fragments are not aware of the location of the fragments

Question 4

What is Local Mapping Transparency?

Answer 4

The users or application programmers working on distributed database systems are unaware of the specific data models of the local DBMS

Question 5

What is No Transparency?

Answer 5

The users or application programmers working on distributed database systems must know all the details of the local database systems in order to perform desired results

Question 6

What are three types of Fragmentations?

Answer 6

1. Horizontal Fragmentation
2. Vertical Fragmentation
3. Mixed Fragmentation

Question 7

What is Horizontal Fragmentation?

Answer 7

partitioning the records of a global relation into subsets

Question 8

What is Vertical Fragmentation?

Answer 8

subdividing the attributes (fields) of a global relation into
groups

Question 9

What is Mixed Fragmentation?

Answer 9

horizontal fragmentation and vertical fragmentation are used together

Question 10

What is Information Integration?

Answer 10

Information Integration is the process of taking data that is stored in two or more databases and building from them on a larger database