Lecture 1- Overview Of Biotechnology

Question 0

definition of terms

Today’s bioprocess technology

Answer 0

Combining living matter (whole organisms or enzymes) with nutrients under the condition necessary to make the desired end product

Question 1

Definition of terms

biotechnology

Answer 1

• technologies that involve the use of living organism or product as a way to benefit humans
• scientific and engineering principles to the processing of material by biological agents to provide goods and services
• use of cells and biological molecules (nucleic acids and proteins) to solve problems or make useful products

Question 2

definition of terms

4 P’s

Answer 2

1. Predictive - identification of individual risks of developing diseases base on genotype.
2. Preventive - reduce and monitor the risk of developing certain diseases
3. Personalized - clinical intervention based on the unique genetic, clinical, and environmental characteristics of patients and genomic profile
4. Participative - citizens are fully engage in personal health management

Question 3

Key factors in biotechnology industry success

Answer 3

"CASA"
Culture of entrepreneurship 
Adequate financial market 
Strong research and development base
Access to technology

Question 4

Stages in bioprocessing technology

Answer 4

1. Upstream processing
   - preparation of raw materials
2. Biotransformtion and fermentation
   - growth of the target microorganism in large bioreactor with the consequent production of desired compound
3. Downstream processing
   - purification of desired compound
   - purification of desired compound

Question 5

Enabling technologies

Answer 5

1. Bioprocessing
2. Hybridoma
3. Cell culture
4. Cloning
5. Recombinant DNA
6. Biosensor
7. DNA chip
8. Sequencing
9. Bioinformatics
10. DNA fingerprinting

Question 6

Bioprocessing Technology Products

Answer 6

Therapeutic proteins
Vaccine
Antibiotics
Amino acids