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BIOSCI107 > Lecture 1 - organisation of the human body > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - organisation of the human body Flashcards

1
Q

how many levels of structural organisation are there in the body?

A

6 types

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2
Q

What are the 6 types of structural organisation?

A

chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, system level, organismal level

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3
Q

describe chemical level organisation

A

the building blocks of the body

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4
Q

give an example of chemical level organisation

A

atoms and molecules

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5
Q

describe the cellular level organisation

A

basic structural and functional units of the body (200 types)

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6
Q

give an example of cellular level organisation

A

smooth muscle cells - cardiac muscle cells

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7
Q

describe tissue level organisation

A

tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a particular function - there are 4 types, epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve

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8
Q

How many types of tissues are there and what are they?

A

4, epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve tissue

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9
Q

describe organ level of organisation

A

organs are structures with specific functions composed of 2 or more types of tissue

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10
Q

Give an example of organ level organisation

A

the stomach, the heart

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11
Q

describe system-level organisation

A

a system consists of related organs with a common function

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12
Q

give an example of system-level organisation

A

the digestive system, the cardiovascular system

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13
Q

describe organismal-level organisation

A

all parts of the body function together to constitute a living organism

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14
Q

give an example of organismal-level organisation

A

the individual

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15
Q

what are the 11 body systems

A

muscular
urinary
respiratory
digestive
endocrine
reproductive
skeletal
lymphatic +immune
integumentary
nervous
cardiovascular

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16
Q

what is the primary function of the integumentary system?

A

protection

17
Q

what is the primary function of the muscular system?

A

movement

18
Q

what is the primary function of the skeletal system?

A

support and protection, bone marrow produces red blood cells

19
Q

what system does this primary function relate to: produces nerve impulses to regulate body activities

A

nervous system

20
Q

what is the primary function of the endocrine system

A

releases hormones to regulate body activities

21
Q

what is the primary function of the immune and lymphatic system?

A

defence, transport lipids, proteins and lymphoid cells

22
Q

what is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

A

transport O2 and CO2 between blood and air

23
Q

what is the primary function of the urinary system

A

urine production, storage, elimination, regulation of blood volume, assist in production of blood cells

24
Q

what is the primary function of the digestive system?

A

digestion of food, absorption of nutrients and the elimination of waste

25
Q

what is the primary function of the reproductive system?

A

production of sperm or gametes, hormones regulate a number of processes

26
Q

describe connective tissue

A

cells in a matrix of fibres and ground substance, includes bone and blood

27
Q

describe epithelial tissue

A

covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs, tubes, cavities and ducts, forms glands

28
Q

describe muscle tissue

A

contractile cells - muscle fibres

29
Q

describe nervous tissue

A

conducting nerve cells and supportive neuroglia

30
Q

what are the major functions of connective tissue?

A

protects and supports the body and its organs
binds organs together
stores energy and fat
provides a major transport system of the body (blood)

31
Q

what are the major functions of epithelial tissue?

A

protection, filtration, secretion, absorption, excretion

32
Q

what are the major functions of muscle tissue

A

movement: generates physical force required to make structures move

33
Q

what are the major functions of nervous tissue

A

detects change inside and outside of the body and responds by generating nerve impulses

BIOSCI107 (1 decks)

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