Lecture 1 - organisation of the human body

Question 1

how many levels of structural organisation are there in the body?

Answer 1

6 types

Question 2

What are the 6 types of structural organisation?

Answer 2

chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, system level, organismal level

Question 3

describe chemical level organisation

Answer 3

the building blocks of the body

Question 4

give an example of chemical level organisation

Answer 4

atoms and molecules

Question 5

describe the cellular level organisation

Answer 5

basic structural and functional units of the body (200 types)

Question 6

give an example of cellular level organisation

Answer 6

smooth muscle cells - cardiac muscle cells

Question 7

describe tissue level organisation

Answer 7

tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a particular function - there are 4 types, epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve

Question 8

How many types of tissues are there and what are they?

Answer 8

4, epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve tissue

Question 9

describe organ level of organisation

Answer 9

organs are structures with specific functions composed of 2 or more types of tissue

Question 10

Give an example of organ level organisation

Answer 10

the stomach, the heart

Question 11

describe system-level organisation

Answer 11

a system consists of related organs with a common function

Question 12

give an example of system-level organisation

Answer 12

the digestive system, the cardiovascular system

Question 13

describe organismal-level organisation

Answer 13

all parts of the body function together to constitute a living organism

Question 14

give an example of organismal-level organisation

Answer 14

the individual

Question 15

what are the 11 body systems

Answer 15

muscular
urinary
respiratory
digestive
endocrine
reproductive
skeletal
lymphatic +immune
integumentary
nervous
cardiovascular

Question 16

what is the primary function of the integumentary system?

Answer 16

protection

Question 17

what is the primary function of the muscular system?

Answer 17

movement

Question 18

what is the primary function of the skeletal system?

Answer 18

support and protection, bone marrow produces red blood cells

Question 19

what system does this primary function relate to: produces nerve impulses to regulate body activities

Answer 19

nervous system

Question 20

what is the primary function of the endocrine system

Answer 20

releases hormones to regulate body activities

Question 21

what is the primary function of the immune and lymphatic system?

Answer 21

defence, transport lipids, proteins and lymphoid cells

Question 22

what is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 22

transport O2 and CO2 between blood and air

Question 23

what is the primary function of the urinary system

Answer 23

urine production, storage, elimination, regulation of blood volume, assist in production of blood cells

Question 24

what is the primary function of the digestive system?

Answer 24

digestion of food, absorption of nutrients and the elimination of waste

Question 25

what is the primary function of the reproductive system?

Answer 25

production of sperm or gametes, hormones regulate a number of processes

Question 26

describe connective tissue

Answer 26

cells in a matrix of fibres and ground substance, includes bone and blood

Question 27

describe epithelial tissue

Answer 27

covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs, tubes, cavities and ducts, forms glands

Question 28

describe muscle tissue

Answer 28

contractile cells - muscle fibres

Question 29

describe nervous tissue

Answer 29

conducting nerve cells and supportive neuroglia

Question 30

what are the major functions of connective tissue?

Answer 30

protects and supports the body and its organs binds organs together stores energy and fat provides a major transport system of the body (blood)

Question 31

what are the major functions of epithelial tissue?

Answer 31

protection, filtration, secretion, absorption, excretion

Question 32

what are the major functions of muscle tissue

Answer 32

movement: generates physical force required to make structures move

Question 33

what are the major functions of nervous tissue

Answer 33

detects change inside and outside of the body and responds by generating nerve impulses