Lecture 1? or Section 1? Flashcards
health
- homeostasis (balance of biological systems)
- coordinated physiological reactions which maintain most of the steady states in the body
- ability to adapt
disease
- final/end stage; irreversible
- response of cells, tissue, organs and whole organism to abnormalities in the environment
- normal/physiological response to environmental perturbation
etiology
cause/nature of environmental perturbation that leads to disease
neoplasia
- new cells/new growth
- when the cell unsuccessfully responds to change
necrosis
series of morphological changes that ensue following cell death
(ie. coagulative, colliquative, caseous)
coagulative necrosis
- dead tissue firm
- structures recognizable (faint)
colliquative necrosis
- dead tissue semi-liquid
- no recognizable structures
caseous necrosis
- dead tissue resembles soft, friable, whitish-grey clump; cream cheese
- ex. tuberculosis
hyperplasia
increase in cell number
metaplasia
one type differentiated tissue replaced by another
dysplasia
alteration in size, shape, and organization of mature cells
anaplasia
extreme form of arrested or altered differentiation
ex. malignant neoplasms
neoplasia
new growth
- extreme form of hyperplasia
- two categories:
1) benign (ok)
2) malignant (bad)
hypoxia
low oxygen condition
hydropic degeneration
swelling of the cell
conducting portion (of the respiratory system)
both outside and inside the lungs to convey air from the external environment to the lungs
- no respiration
respiratory portion (of the respiratory system)
strictly within the lungs, functions in actual exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide
inflammation
vascularized tissue to local injury
acute inflammation
- changes that occur within minutes of injury
- persists for several hours or days
chronic inflammation
- more variable than acute
- includes several forms of tissue reactions over long period of time
repair
damage tissue repaired by regeneration or replacement of damage(d) parenchyma and stroma by fibrous tissue (ex. scar)
