Lecture 1: Intro To Themes In The Study Of Life

Question 1

What is the order of Biological Heirarchy?

Answer 1

Atom-Molecule-Organelle-Cell-Tissue-Organ-Organ System-Individual-Population-Community-Ecosystem-Biosphere

Question 2

Biological hierarchy levels build on the level below it and produce

Answer 2

Emergent properties

Question 3

Emergent properties in biological hierarchy results from

Answer 3

Arrangement and interaction of parts as complexity increases

Question 4

System

Answer 4

Combination of components that function together

Question 5

Systems biology is

Answer 5

Exploration of a biological system by analyzing interaction among its parts; it examines and models dynamic behavior of an integrated network of components

Question 6

Analyzing biological structure gives us

Answer 6

clues about what it does and how it works.

Question 7

Knowing the biological function of something

Answer 7

Provides insight into its structure and organization

Question 8

Example of Structure and Function

Answer 8

Leaf is broad and flat, maximizing capture of light by chloroplasts.

Structure of a bird’s wing. Is adapted to flight

Question 9

Cells are

Answer 9

The smallest unit of organization that can perform all activities required for life

Question 10

Cell theory states that

Answer 10

All living organisms are made from cells

Question 11

All cells are enclosed by

Answer 11

A membrane that regulates passage of materials between the cell and its environment and use DNA as their genetic information.

Question 12

Prokaryotic cells are

Answer 12

Single celled and lack a nucleus or other membrane enclosed organelles

Question 13

Prokaryotic cells are ________ than eukaryotic cells.

Answer 13

Smaller

Question 14

Prokaryotic cell examples

Answer 14

Bacteria and eukaryotes

Question 15

Eukaryotic cells contain

Answer 15

Membrane-enclosed organelles

Question 16

Eukaryotic cell examples

Answer 16

Plants and animals

Question 17

Evolution is a

Answer 17

Scientific explanation for both unity and diversity of organisms.

Biological change in which species accumulate differences from their ancestors as they adapt to different environments over time.

Question 18

Taxonomy is a

Answer 18

Branch of biology that names and classifies species into groups of increasing breadth

Question 19

The broadest units of classification in the classification of life are

Answer 19

Domains

Question 20

Charles Darwin observed that

Answer 20

Individuals in a population vary in their traits, many of which seem to be heritable.

More offspring are produced than survive, and competition is inevitable.

Species generally suit their environment.

Question 21

Charles Darwin reasoned that

Answer 21

Individuals with traits that are best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, therefore overtime, more individuals in a population will have advantageous traits.

Question 22

Data are

Answer 22

Recorded observations or items of information that fall into 2 categories- qualitative and quantitative data.

Question 23

Qualitative data

Answer 23

Descriptions

Question 24

Quantitative data

Answer 24

Recorded numerical measurements, which are sometimes organized in tables and graphs

Question 25

Hypothesis

Answer 25

An explanation, based on observations and assumptions that leads to a testable prediction.

Question 26

Experiment

Answer 26

Scientific test, carried out under controlled conditions

Question 27

Controlled experiment

Answer 27

An experimental group is compared with a control group

Question 28

Variables

Answer 28

Are features or quantities that vary in an experiment

Question 29

Independent variable

Answer 29

Is the one that is manipulated by researchers

Question 30

Dependent variable

Answer 30

Is the one that is predicted to be affected in response

Question 31

Most scientists work in

Answer 31

Teams, which often include graduate and undergraduate students.

Question 32

Scientific cooperation & diverse viewpoints: good communication is important in order

Answer 32

To share results through seminars, publications, and websites