Lecture 1 Health Psychology Intro Flashcards
What is the primary focus of health psychology?
Application of psychological theory and research to understand how to enhance health and prevent/treat illness
What is the definition of health?
State of physical, psychological, and social wellbeing; not just absence of disease
What do health psychologists aim to understand?
How and why people experience health differently
What are health disparities?
Preventable differences in health status or outcomes due to systemic injustice and oppression based on social identities
List some factors that can contribute to health disparities.
- Nationality
- Race
- Ethnicity
- Immigrant status
- Gender
- Sexual orientation
- Socioeconomic status
- Urban-rural
- Disability
What is the goal of Healthy People 2030?
- Improve access to health services
- Eliminate health disparities
- Reduce chronic diseases
- Improve health in all ages
- Prevent injuries and violence
- Address 32 other areas
What was the Affordable Care Act aimed at achieving?
- Decrease uninsured individuals
- Lower healthcare costs
- Require coverage for preventative care services
What historical perspective did Rene Descartes contribute to health psychology?
Mind-body dualism; proposed separation of mind and body
What is the Biomedical Model?
States that illness always has a biological cause; reductionistic view of health
What are the four key goals of Health Psychology established by the APA?
- Study causes of specific diseases
- Promote health and engagement
- Prevent and treat illness
- Promote public health policy
What does the Biopsychosocial Model encompass?
- Biological factors
- Psychological factors
- Sociocultural factors
- Environmental factors
- Cultural factors
Fill in the blank: The Biopsychosocial Model states that health and longevity are influenced by _______.
[biological, psychological, social, environmental, and cultural factors]
How do health psychologists apply their work?
- Universities and colleges
- Research institutes
- Hospitals and clinical practices
- Non-profits
- Pharmaceutical companies
- State and federal agencies
What educational paths can lead to a career in health psychology?
- Bachelor’s degree for non-profits
- Medical or nursing school for patient-oriented settings
- PhD programs in social, personality, clinical, counseling, or health psychology for research settings
True or False: Health psychology is only focused on physical health.
False
What is a developmental cascade in health psychology?
Early life can affect later life health outcomes
____ is the oldest-known medical system in the world, having originated in India around the sixth BCE.
Roman medicine
Ayurveda (correct)
Yoga
None of the above
In a(n)____ the researcher observes and records the participants behavior in a natural setting.
Experimental study
Observational study (correct)
Case study
Collective study
Meta analysis
Which of the following is NOT influenced by pituitary gland hormones?
Growth
Sexual development
Handedness (correct)
Aging
The Gender Paradox refers to the fact that women live longer than men yet also experience more disease burden.
True (correct)
or False
Maria is talking with a friend about why she always gets sick around exam time. She tells her friend that she believes this happens because exams stress her out and she learned that immunosuppression is a part of the body’s natural response to stress. This interpretation is most aligned with which of the following hypotheses?
Direct Effect Hypothesis (correct)
Indirect Effect Hypothesis
Allostatic Load Hypothesis
Transactional Hypothesis
___ is linked to poorer health, including chronic disorders such as arthritis, diabetes, hypertension, and coronary artery diseases
Emotional intelligence
Positive affectivity
Negative affectivity (correct)
Optimism
