Lecture 1 - Fundamentals of Cities

Question 1

What are the Preconditions of Cities

Answer 1

Power, Ecology, Technology

Question 2

What are the 7 properties fundamental to understanding the urban phenomenon?

Answer 2

Governance, Capitalization, Production, Proximity, Place, Reproduction

Question 3

What is Production?

Answer 3

• Production attracts people to cities

- cities need to produce goods and services

Question 4

What is Proximity?

Answer 4

• Cities are made of many overlapping markets of frequently repeated exchanges,
• labour market plays a predominant structuring role

Question 5

What is Reproduction?

Answer 5

The different conditions needed for the availability of a labour force that fits the needs of the production sector of an urban area

Question 6

What is Capitalization?

Answer 6

• Capitalization refers to all investments in the built environment of cities.
• Capitalization property of cities derives from its dense urban environment

Question 7

What is Place?

Answer 7

Place is about feelings (positive or negative) associated with differentiations locales in the urban environment

Question 8

What is Governance?

Answer 8

• Cities require interventions suited to their reality

- Specialized forms of administrations are needed to formulate and deliver interventions.

Question 9

What is Resiliency?

Answer 9

The ability to absorb shock and bounce back the same or better

Question 10

What are the 7 factors of change?

Answer 10

6. Planning models
7. Changes in the size of urban regions
8. Technology
9. Values
10. Governance
11. Economy
12. Demography

Question 11

What is the Garden City Theory planning model?

Answer 11

Cities surrounded by green spaces, 1898 contained residencies, Garden cities were a response to the industrial revolution

Question 12

What was the response to Garden City?

Answer 12

Tower in the Park, idea was to have large towers, modern thinking

Question 13

What is New Urbanism?

Answer 13

in the 1980’s cities were more concerned with street level access and green space. Density done right around 4 stories high, people don’t feel out of tough or isolated by living to high

Question 14

What term did Jane Jacobs coin?

Answer 14

“Eyes on the street” meant people naturally looking out for each other, creating a social bond, safety

Question 15

What did Jane Jacobs believe about cities?

Answer 15

Cities have the capability of providing something for everybody, only because, and only when, they are created by everybody

Question 16

What was transportation like in cities before 1945?

Answer 16

cities were walking and cycling cities, railroad gave people another option for transportation and helped create one of the first suburban homes

Question 17

What happened between 1945 - 1975?

Answer 17

Cars and highways were formed creating sprawling and suburbia, after WW2 Suburbs was the American dream

Question 18

What is a possible New Urban Form?

Answer 18

Transit Oriented Development

Question 19

What is the Jane Jacob’s model

Answer 19

Cities are about people, open spaces, streets not buildings

2. PROMOTE GREEN AND PUBLIC SPACE
3. INVEST IN LOCAL ECONOMIES
4. IMPROVE URBAN CONNECTIVITY
5. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
6. ENSURE SAFETY ON THE STREET