Lecture 1- Features/functions of immune system Flashcards

Exam 1 Material

1
Q

Innate Immune System

A

Acts as first line of defense and remains the same over a life time

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2
Q

Adaptive Immune System

A

Final line of defense, changes/adapts over lifetime

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3
Q

Clonal Population

A

arose from a single progenitor

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4
Q

Antigen

A

Section of biological material that can be targeted by immune resoponse, if immune system can see/respond to it, is an antigen

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5
Q

Immune System Roles

A
  1. Defense against infection 2. Defense against tumors
  2. Control of tissue regeneration/scarring
  3. Can injure cells/induce pathologic inflammation
  4. Recognizes responds to tissue grafts/newly introduced proteins
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6
Q

Know Thyself

A

Innate and adaptive discriminate between self and non-self via receptors.
1. Self 2. Absence of self/altered self 3. Self-like non-self 4. Non-self

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7
Q

Innate Receptors to Determine non-self

A
  • Pattern Recognition Receptors
  • Genomic (germline DNA)
  • Limited in number
  • Shared across population, “hard wired”
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8
Q

Adaptive Receptors to Determine non-self

A
  • B and T cell receptors
  • Somatically generated via gene rearrangements
  • Essentially unlimited in number
  • unique to each individual
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9
Q

Activation and Contraction

A

In every immune response

  • Activation starts w recognition of non-self/altered/absent-self via receptor.
  • Effector phase is when action occurs, pathogen is being attacked
  • Contraction phase occurrs va negative feedback loop and loss of non-self/altered/absent-self signal (pathogen is gone)
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10
Q

Immunologial Memory

A

For adaptive, will have stronger/faster response when encounters antigen it has already seen before.

  • Memory comes from certain cells differentiating into memory phenotype
  • NOT part of innate, innate response time/magnitude always the same
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