Lecture 1- Features/functions of immune system Flashcards
Exam 1 Material
Innate Immune System
Acts as first line of defense and remains the same over a life time
Adaptive Immune System
Final line of defense, changes/adapts over lifetime
Clonal Population
arose from a single progenitor
Antigen
Section of biological material that can be targeted by immune resoponse, if immune system can see/respond to it, is an antigen
Immune System Roles
- Defense against infection 2. Defense against tumors
- Control of tissue regeneration/scarring
- Can injure cells/induce pathologic inflammation
- Recognizes responds to tissue grafts/newly introduced proteins
Know Thyself
Innate and adaptive discriminate between self and non-self via receptors.
1. Self 2. Absence of self/altered self 3. Self-like non-self 4. Non-self
Innate Receptors to Determine non-self
- Pattern Recognition Receptors
- Genomic (germline DNA)
- Limited in number
- Shared across population, “hard wired”
Adaptive Receptors to Determine non-self
- B and T cell receptors
- Somatically generated via gene rearrangements
- Essentially unlimited in number
- unique to each individual
Activation and Contraction
In every immune response
- Activation starts w recognition of non-self/altered/absent-self via receptor.
- Effector phase is when action occurs, pathogen is being attacked
- Contraction phase occurrs va negative feedback loop and loss of non-self/altered/absent-self signal (pathogen is gone)
Immunologial Memory
For adaptive, will have stronger/faster response when encounters antigen it has already seen before.
- Memory comes from certain cells differentiating into memory phenotype
- NOT part of innate, innate response time/magnitude always the same