Lecture 1 - Exam information Flashcards
What does the thoracic cage consist of?
- Sternum (breastbone)
- 12 pairs of ribs
- Costal cartilages
- Thoracic vertebrae (T1 – T12)
Skeleton of the thoracic cage, anterior view.
The parts of the Sternum.
What are the parts of the “Sternum”?
Three parts:
- Manubrium (Gr. handle) with jugular (suprasternal) notch and sternal angle
- Body - 4 fused sternebrae
- Xiphoid process (xiphoid, Gr. sword-like)
Example of the components of a Rib.
6th rib posterior view
How many thoracic vertebrates are there?
What are the different parts?
• 12 thoracic vertebrae
• Parts: vertebral body (anterior) and vertebral arch; they enclose the vertebral foramen,
which contains the spinal cord. The vertebral arch carries vertebral processes.
• Transverse processes (2) with a facet (articulation) for ribs #1-10
• Spinous process (posterior)
• Articulation facets (*) for the head of rib on the bodies of vertebrae are full on the 1st
,
(10th), 11th and 12th vertebrae, but demi-facets on other thoracic vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae.
b) thoracic
a) lateral view
What does a typical rib attach to?
+
Vertebral and sternal articulations of a typica true rib.
Each typical rib (ribs 2-9) attaches to the:
1. Bodies of two vertebrae (via demi-facets): the corresponding vertebra., i.e., of
the same number, and the vertebra above,
2. Transverse process of the corresponding vertebra,
3. Sternum
Explain the RIBS and the regional differences.
Ribs: normally 12 pairs. Parts: head (with articular facets), neck, tubercle, body (shaft), angle,
costal groove, costal cartilage.
Regional differences:
Ribs 1-7 (true ribs) attach anteriorly directly to the sternum through their costal cartilages.
Ribs 8-10 (false ribs) do not join sternum directly, but are connected to the 7th rib through
cartilage.
Ribs 11 and 12 (floating ribs) do not attach to the sternum.
• All ribs attach posteriorly to the thoracic vertebrae (bodies):
o Typical ribs (ribs #2-10): Head of a typical rib attaches to the body of the vertebra
of the same number and the body of the vertebra above.
o Atypical ribs (ribs #1,11,12): only attach to their own vertebra (i.e., of the same
number).
What does the thoracic cage consist of?
- Sternum (breastbone)
- 12 pairs of ribs
- Costal cartilages
- Thoracic vertebrae (T1 – T12)
Skeleton of the thoracic cage, anterior view.
The parts of the Sternum.
What are the parts of the “Sternum”?
Three parts:
- Manubrium (Gr. handle) with jugular (suprasternal) notch and sternal angle
- Body - 4 fused sternebrae
- Xiphoid process (xiphoid, Gr. sword-like)
Example of the components of a Rib.
6th rib posterior view
How many thoracic vertebrates are there?
What are the different parts?
• 12 thoracic vertebrae
• Parts: vertebral body (anterior) and vertebral arch; they enclose the vertebral foramen,
which contains the spinal cord. The vertebral arch carries vertebral processes.
• Transverse processes (2) with a facet (articulation) for ribs #1-10
• Spinous process (posterior)
• Articulation facets (*) for the head of rib on the bodies of vertebrae are full on the 1st
,
(10th), 11th and 12th vertebrae, but demi-facets on other thoracic vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae.
b) thoracic
a) lateral view
What does a typical rib attach to?
+
Vertebral and sternal articulations of a typica true rib.
Each typical rib (ribs 2-9) attaches to the:
1. Bodies of two vertebrae (via demi-facets): the corresponding vertebra., i.e., of
the same number, and the vertebra above,
2. Transverse process of the corresponding vertebra,
3. Sternum
