lecture 1 - computational models of reading and acquired dyslexia

Question 1

define acquired dyslexia

Answer 1

partial or complete loss of the ability to read subsequent to a brain lesion, as opposed to developmental dyslexia: lasting impairment in the accusation of the ability to read (cf. Snowling & Caravolar 2007)

Question 2

how many was do we read? what are they?

Answer 2

“We read in two ways; the new or unknown word is scanned letter after letter, but a common or familiar word is taken in at a glance, without bothering about the individual letters: next visual shape functions like an ideogram” (de Saussure, 1922)

however it is not until the 1970s that such a concept began to make its way

Question 3

what are the two routes of reading

Answer 3

route 1 - lexical route

route 2 - nonlexical route

Question 4

what does the lexical route involve?

Answer 4

The ‘Lexical’ route involves looking up words in long-term memories, so as to retrieve knowledge about their meaning and pronunciation.

Question 5

what does the nonlexical route involve?

Answer 5

The ‘nonlexical’ route makes no reference to mental lexcion (or mental dictionar), but instead involves making use of rules relating segments of orthography (how it is written) to segments of phonology (how it sounds like)

Question 6

what is the Dual-route cascaded (DRC) model?

Answer 6

Coltheart et al. 1993, 2001
a computational model that computes pronunciation from print via two procedures, a lexical procedure and a nonlexical procedure

Question 7

cognitive point of view - what is reading?

Answer 7

reading is information-processing: transforming print to speech, and/or at the same time, print to meaning.