Lecture #1- Classification of Organisms

Question 1

what are the 5 characteristics of living organisms?

Answer 1

• organize: organize in such a way that entropy of system decreases
• metabolism: transformation of energy
• respond to stimuli: interact with envio
• reproduce: for growth and reproduction
• evolve: change over time

Question 2

classification system

Answer 2

bacteria and archaea - prokaryotic
eukarya - eukaryotic

Question 3

what are archaea?

Answer 3

• extremophiles: low pH, high pressure, [salt], temp
• differ from bacteria
• different phospholipids
• different cell walls (pseudomurien not peptidoglycan)
• different genome organization

Question 4

what are bacteria?

Answer 4

• prokaryotic
• DNA based genome (usually a single circular molecule of DNA)
• very metabolically diverse

Question 5

what are eukarya?

Answer 5

• contain membrane-bound nucleus and organelles
• can be uni or multi-cellular
• lots of structural diversity, tho little metabolic diversity

Question 6

comparison of the 3 different domains in:
- Nuclear envelope/membrane
- membrane enclosed organelles
- peptidoglycan in cell walls
- circular chromosome

Answer 6

B,A,E
- N,N,Y
- N,N,Y
- Y,N,N
- Y,?(some circular but most linear), N