Lecture 1: Bony Anatomy of the Face and Cavities of the Vocal Tract

Question 1

What are the names and locations of the bones of the skull and face?

Answer 1

Skull

• Frontal bone (single)
• Occipital bone (single)
• Ethmoid bone (single)
• Sphenoid bone (single)
• Parietal bone (paired)
• Temporal bone (paired)

Face

• Zygomatic bones (paired)
  
  • Cheek bones
• Nasal bones (paired)
• Palatine bones (paired)
  
  • Part of hard palate
• Maxilla bones (paired)
  
  • Upper jaw
• Mandible bone (single)
  
  • Lower jaw

Question 2

What are the parts of the mandible?

Answer 2

Question 3

Where is the temporomandibular joint?

Answer 3

Between the condylar process (condyle) of the mandible and the temporal bone.

Question 4

What bones make up the hard palate?

Answer 4

Palatine Bones

Question 5

What bone includes the mastoid and styloid process?

Answer 5

Temporal Bone

Question 6

What are the borders of the nasal cavity?

Answer 6

Nostrils to nasopharynx/inner nostils (AKA choanae)

Question 7

What are the borders of the oral cavity?

Answer 7

Lips to anterioir/posterior faucial pillars

Includes:

• Hard palate
• Soft palate
• Tongue
• Uvula
• Anterior (palatoglossal arch) and posterior (palatopharyngeal arch) faucial pillars

Question 8

What are the borders of the nasopharynx?

Answer 8

Inner nostils (AKA choanae) to faucial pillars / posterior pharyngeal wall to soft palate

Question 9

What are the borders of the oropharynx?

Answer 9

Anterior/posterior faucial pillars to velum to root of tongue

From soft palate to base of tongue

Includes palatine tonsils

Question 10

What are the borders of the laryngopharynx?

Answer 10

Posterior to larynx and from epiglottis to inferior border of cricoid cartilage

Question 11

What are the age differences in the vocal tract?

Answer 11

Infants differ from adults:

• Larynx high in neck
• Close proximity between tongue, soft palate, pharynx, and larynx
• Facilitates nasal breathing
• Oral cavity smaller because mandible proportionately smaller
• Makes the tongue seem proportionately larger.