Lecture 1 and Chapter 1 (Lizard Evolution) Flashcards
What leads to speciation?
Natural Selection
What does a node show?
common ancestry
What is biodiversity a result of?
It is a result of a series of layered and interconnected processes and interactions.
What is deductive reasoning?
it applies to general principles to predict specific results.
What is inductive reasoning?
Specific observations to construct general scientific principles.
How do you test a hypothesis?
Through experimentation
What is a variable in an experiment?
A factor that influences a process, outcome, or observation.
What is a control group?
the variable of interest
What is reductionism?
Understanding a complex system by reducing it to its working parts (models)
What is a theory?
- a proposed explanation for some natural phenomenon often based on a general principle.
- a body of interconnected concepts, supported by scientific and experimental evidence, that explains the facts in some area of study.
What is basic research?
extend boundaries of what we know
What is applied research?
It involves manufacturing based on basic research.
What is biology?
The study of living things
What qualifications does something have to have to be considered living?
1.Cellular organization
2. ordered complexities
3. sensitivity
4.growth, development, and reproduction
5. energy utilization (metabolism)
6. Homeostasis
7.Evolutionary adaptation
What is the organization of the ecosystem? (smallest to ecosystem)
- cellular level (atoms)–> clusters (molecules)–> organelles–> cells
- organismal level–> tissues—> organs–> organ system
3.populational level (population–> species–> biological comunity - ecosystem level
5.Biosphere (everything)
What does evolution progressive change from ____ to ____?
simple to complex
What was Darwin’s 5 year voyage called?
The Beagle
What did Darwin discover on his voyage?
That lineages gradually change as species migrate.
What did Malthus argue?
Plants and animals tend to increase geometrically while supplies increase arithmetically.
Because of Malthus’s argument what is true about the number of organisms that survive? What concept does that ultimately lead to?
Only a limited number will survive, and the species that survive pass on desirable traits. Natural Selection.
What is needed in the fossil record?
Intermediate links (transition fossils)
What is evolution?
genetic change in a population of organisms
What is artificial selection?
Change in the genetic structure of populations due to selective breeding by humans.
What is natural selection?
the differential reproduction of genotypes, caused by factors in the environment leads to evolutionary change
