Lecture 1 - Adolescent growth/Relation to orthodontic treatment

Question 1

The adolescent growth spurt happens … earlier in females than males

Answer 1

1.5-2 years

Question 2

Mandibular growth reflects … growth curve

Answer 2

general

Question 3

Maxillary growth is most like … growth curve

Answer 3

neural

Question 4

Primate spacing is …. of … in maxillary arch

and …. of …. in madibular arch

Answer 4

mesial of canine

distal of canine

Question 5

… is the difference in M-D width between primary canine/molars and permanent canine/premolars

Answer 5

Leeway space

Question 6

… is the difference between the primary 2nd molars and the permanent 2nd premolars

Answer 6

E-space

Question 7

Structures nearest the brain grow… and the … sooner

Answer 7

soonest

slow down

Question 8

Does the mandible grow outward from the condyle?

Answer 8

no

Question 9

Both appositional and interstitial growth occur by a combination of …. , … and secretion of …

Answer 9

hyperplasia
hypertrophy
ECM

Question 10

Which parts of the head develop by appositional growth?

Answer 10

bony surfaces of cranial vault, maxilla and mandible

Question 11

cranial base is formed by … growth

Answer 11

interstitial

Question 12

growth of soft tissues occurs by …. growth

Answer 12

interstitial

Question 13

…. ossification occurs at the mandibular condyle

Answer 13

endochondral

Question 14

Bone formed by secretion of bone matrix directly within connective tissue is called

Answer 14

intramembranous ossification

Question 15

cranial vault grows via

Answer 15

intramembranous ossification and subsequent apposition growth

Question 16

cranial base grows via

Answer 16

endochondral ossification at syncondrosis

Question 17

At what dental age should all of the primary teeth be lost and replaced by succedaneous teeth?

Answer 17

12

Question 18

At what dental age should a third molar be formed, apparent on radiographs, and the roots of all other permanent teeth be completed?

Answer 18

15

Question 19

if a permanent tooth erupts, its counterpart should apart in approx…

Answer 19

6 months

Question 20

The primary dentition equivalent of angles class 2 is…

Answer 20

distal step

Question 21

The primary dentition equivalent to angles class 1 is…

Answer 21

mesial step

Question 22

cranial vault, maxilla and mandible grow by … and … growth

Answer 22

appositional

intramembranous

Question 23

the nasomaxillary complex is formed entirely by … ossification

Answer 23

intramembranous

Question 24

… of growth is a location at which independent growth occurs

Answer 24

center

Question 25

the cartilage theory says that all cartilages are …

does experimental evidence support this theory ?

Answer 25

growth centers

partly

Question 26

Experiments for the cartilage theory show that transplanted cartilage from …. and … act as growth centers but transplanted cartilage from the … does not

Answer 26

synchondroses
nasal septum

mandibular condyle

Question 27

The conclusions of the cartilage theory are that the …. and … act as independent growth centers pushing the maxilla forward and the mandibular condyle is merely a …

Answer 27

cranial base synchondroses
nasal septum

growth site

Question 28

What does the functional matrix theory say about heredity and genes?

Answer 28

play NO role in growth of craniofacial skeleton

Question 29

The functional matrix theory says that growth of the face occurs in response to…. mediated by the soft tissues in which the bones are mebedded

Answer 29

functional needs

Question 30

… occurs as a result of infection or trauma in TMJ area and there is mechanical restriction due to scarring which prevents growth of the mandible

Answer 30

mandibular ankylosis

Question 31

2 clinical applications that support the functional matrix theory

Answer 31

rapid palatal expansion

distraction osteogenesis

Question 32

3 types of 3d imaging

Answer 32

Computed axial tomography
cone beam (CBCT) (less rad)
MRI (no rad)

Question 33

bone formation without any intermediate cartilage is called … ossification and this is what happens with the cranial vault and maxilla and mandible

Answer 33

intramembranous