Lecture 1 Flashcards
developing concept of mind: Aristotle
the mind controls behaviour
Aristotle: wrote 1st psychological text, didn’t think to link control of behaviour to the brain as he thought the brain was a coding system
DESIRE = control of immediate reactions REASON = long term actions
Ibn Sena and Dualism/ Descartes
Brain is a place where reason interacts with sensation and the soul exists outside of the body
Dualism is the presumption proposed by Rene Descartes that the human mind and body are two distinct entities that interact with each other to make a person.
Descartes reasoned that the mind and the body communicate with each other through a small structure at the base of the brain called the pineal gland.
Pineal gland pushed fluid through nerves via ventricles - only humans had mind
what is Materialism?
brain controls behaviour - mind and epiphenomenon (by-product)
what is Neuropsychology?
- specific brain damage to regions
- infer normal function from missing function
- hippocampus damage/ global amnesia
- suggests hippocampus involved in certain types of memory
- episodic rather than procedural
what is PET Imaging?
“Positron Emission Tomography”
- inject radioactive tracker and detect radiation
- binding of tracer molecules
- quantify number of endogenous proteins or activity
glucose analogue = measures regions of high glucose uptake and use
what is MRi Imaging?
“Magnetic Resonance Imaging”
- structural - gives anatomy
- functional: measures blood oxygenation changes
- surrogate measure of neural activity
experiments using animals
ethology = study of animal behaviour in the context of natural behaviour
focus on evolution
- behaviourism
- physiology
- neuroanatomy
- neurophysiology
recording brain activity
- anatomy
- electrophysiology
- imaging
use brain tissue or live animals
manipulate brain activity and study brain structure and function of behaviour
- lesions/ disease model
- pharmacology
- genetics
