Lecture 1

Question 1

Gestation length of bitch

Answer 1

65 +/- 1 day post LH surge

Question 2

Ovulation of bitch

Answer 2

2 days after LH surge

Question 3

How long are mature oocytes viable for

Answer 3

2 days

Question 4

Once ovulation occurs what must happen

Answer 4

Canine oocytes have to complete 1st and 2nd meiotic division post ovulation before they are ready to be fertilised

Question 5

Dog: how long can sperm survive in the reproductive tract

Answer 5

7 days

Question 6

Dog: what is the mating date to parturition

Answer 6

57-72 days post mating

Question 7

Dog: when is abdominal palpation difficult

Answer 7

Obese, large or tense dogs

Question 8

Dog: what must you be careful not to confuse foetuses with

Answer 8

Faeces

Question 9

Dog; when can you do an abdominal palpation

Answer 9

26-35 days

Question 10

Why cant you perform abdominal palpation less than 28 days dog

Answer 10

Amniotic vesicles are small and difficult to feel

Question 11

Dog: Why cant you palpate over 35 days (individual)

Answer 11

Difficult to palpate individual vesicles, amniotic vesicles become more confluent

Question 12

What can be felt at over 55 days

Answer 12

Foetus may be palpated

Question 13

What can be felt in the last 2 weeks of pregnancy

Answer 13

Foetalskulls, trunks and foetal movement can be palpated

Question 14

When can you use an ultrasound Dog

Answer 14

+/- 25 days

Question 15

Dog: when can you get a foetal heart beat on ultrasound

Answer 15

23-28 days

Question 16

What is ultrasound most accurate

Answer 16

Day 30

Question 17

What are ultra sounds not good for

Answer 17

Getting the exact number of pups

Question 18

What facors can affect gestation length on dogs

Answer 18

1. Body weight
2. Breed
3. Parity

Question 19

Dog: when to take an X-ray

Answer 19

45 days

Question 20

Dog: what are xrays good for

Answer 20

Number of pups, post whelping to check foetal retention

Question 21

What views to take with an X-ray

Answer 21

Lateral and DV views

Question 22

What is relaxin

Answer 22

Hormone produced by the placenta

Question 23

What should you do if the relaxin test come back negative at 21 days

Answer 23

Retest 7-10 days later to avoid false negative test

Question 24

Feline: ovualtion

Answer 24

Induced ovulatory

Ovulation 24-36h post coitus

Question 25

Feline: averages gestation

Answer 25

65 days

Question 26

Feline: palpation

Answer 26

Greater than 15, less than 35

Question 27

Feline: ultrasound

Answer 27

greater than 16

Question 28

Feline: x-ray

Answer 28

Greater than 40

Question 29

How to diagnose pregnancy in the ewe and doe

Answer 29

1. Failure to return to oestrus
2. Test of non pregnancy - low concentration of progesterone
3. Palpation
4. Ultrasonography

Question 30

Ewes: scanning methods

Transrectal imaging

Answer 30

Enables operator to place the transducer very close to the reproductive organs. This relative closeness enables the use of higher frequency probe which produces clearer images. The transducer is manipulated externally via a rod fixed to the probe head

Question 31

Ewes: scanning methods

Transabdominal imaging

Answer 31

Can be used to scan the reproductive organs in situations which do not require great clarity. Lower frequency probes are used to enable the user to penetrate deeper into the abdominal cavity