Lecture 1

Question 1

What is a process?

Answer 1

A process is a program that runs on a host.

Question 2

How do processes communicate when on the same host?

Answer 2

Through OS (Operating System) defined interprocess communication.

Question 3

How do processes communicate when they are on different hosts?

Answer 3

They exchange messages.

Question 4

Before processes communicate, which process initiates the communication?

Answer 4

The client, as it is the one who needs something from the server.

Question 5

In peer-to-peer connections, what types (Client or Server) of processes are used?

Answer 5

Both client and server processes.

Question 6

Name the 3 architectures used to facilate communication over a network.

Answer 6

1. Client-Server
2. Peer-to-Peer
3. Hybrid

Question 7

What are messages sent and received through in a network?

Answer 7

A socket.

All processes send and receive messages over sockets.

Question 8

What are the layels in 5 layel model?

Answer 8

1. Application
2. Transport
3. Network
4. Link
5. Physical

Question 9

How do application transport services achieve security?

Answer 9

Almost all data going over a network is encrypted.

Question 10

What does TCP stand for?

Answer 10

Transmission Control Protocol/Program.

Question 11

Why would we use UDP over TCP?

Answer 11

For speed and efficiency.

Question 12

Give some advantages that TCP has.

Answer 12

It is Connection oriented (Requires setup between client and server).
It is Reliable (Sender waits for acknowledgement that packet was received).
It has Flow control (Doesn’t overwhelm the receiver).
It has Congestion control (Sender is throttled when the network is overloaded).