Lecture 1: 8/22/2016 Flashcards
PT 509 is 30% _____ and 70% ________
30% Normal Physiology, 70% Pathophys with emphasis on SINGLE major disease/body system
Rough ER: why are they rough?r
Ribosomes
Why are the ribosomes important on the RER?
Help with protein synthesis
What is other organelle is a continuation of the RER?
Smooth ER
What is the function of the smooth ER
Package the proteins, after made by RER
Why are proteins important?
Maintain whole body/cellular function; Body uses proteins to build and repair tissue. Need proteins for structure, communication, produce enzymes, hormones, muscle, bone, cartilage, blood and skin
Lysosome function?
Breakdown waste thru enzymes, help with healing and inflammation as well
what is cytoplasm ?
is the material within a living cell excluding the nucleus, helps maintain cellular structure
what is contained in the cytoplasm?
Organelles, microtubules, and other structural proteins
why is the nucleus important?
It houses genetic materal
Where are chromosomes located in a cell?
Nucleolus
function of histones?
they maintain DNA packaging, into chromatin fibers
lipid bilayer Membrane functions
maintain structural integrity, protection, storage and facilitate communication.
Transmembrane proteins span _____
across the lipid bilayer
proteins that remain on the edge of the lipid bilayer are
Peripheral proteins
what is the extracellular matrix and its role in a cell?
the ECM is all the connective tissues and fibers that are non living parts of the cell, but rather provide structural support.
It functions to facilitate cellular communication and tissue formation/adhesion
define epigenetics?
Alteration of gene expression via environmental factors
list 3 different methods of epigenetic modifications:
- DNA methylation
- Histone modification
- microRNA
Function of the nucleus?
Cell division and control of genetic information
Function of cytoplasm
Fill in the space (cytosol) between nucleus and plasma membrane
The 3 macromolecules that make of the ECM
- Protein fibers (collagen and elastin)
- Adhesive glycoproteins
- proteoglycans
What is the general role of the ECM?
The EC matrix helps regulate cell growth, communication, and differentiation.
Cell membrane natural diffusion wants Na+ to go ___ and K+ to go ___
na+ to go in, and K+ to go out.
Na+K+ pump channels is what type of _____transport? Why?
Active transport, because it requires ATP and there is also a conformation change in the transport channel
in the Na+K+ pump, Na goes ____ and K goes ____
3 Na out, 2K in
