Lecture 1 Flashcards
What are the 2 types of isolated environment?
- Isolation from moisture
- Isolation from soft tissues
What are the direct methods of isolation from moisture?
- Rubber dam
- Cotton rolls, dry angles
- Gauze pieces
- Absorbent wafers
- Suction devices
- Gingival retraction cords
What are the indirect methods of isolation from moisture?
- Comfortable position of the patient
- Drugs: Anti-sialogogues, Anti-anxiety, and muscle relaxants.
What methods are used to isolate soft tissues?
- Mouth mirror
- Rubber dams
- Cotton rolls
- tongue depressors
- Cheek and lip retractors.
- tongue guards
What is a rubber dam? When was it introduced?
- a sheet of latex or none latex.
- Isolate a tooth or multiple teeth from oral environment and prevent migration of fluids and foreign objects into the body.
- Provides a dry, visible and clean operative field.
- was introduced by barnum in 1864 in NYC.
What are the advantages of rubber dam?
- creates a dry and clean operating field
- Improve accessibility and visibility by eliminating the tongue, lips, cheeks, and saliva from operating filed.
- Retraction and protraction of soft tissues.
- Prevents inhalation and ingestion of foreign bodies.
- Enhances the quality of dental materials by eliminating moisture
- Aids in patient management
- Cross infection control by reducing aerosol spread of micro-organisms
- minimize mouth breathing during inhalation sedation procedures.
What materials and instruments do you need to use a rubber dam?
- Rubber dam sheets
- Rubber dam holder
- Rubber dam clamp
- Rubber dam stamp
- Rubber dam punch
- Rubber dam clamp forceps
- Rubber dam napkin
- lubricant
- Anchors (Floss, widget and wooden wedge)
What are the specifications of rubber dam sheets?
- 5x5 or 6x6 in dimensions.
- There is a thin, medium, heavy and super heavy
- Shiny and dull powedered sides
- The dull side faces the occlusal surface
What are the specifications of youngs frame (rubber dam holder)
Maintain the borders of rubber dam in postion
-U shaped with small metal projections
What are the specifications of rubber dam clamp (retainer>
- consists of 4 prongs and 2 jaws connected by a bow.
- used to anchor the rubber dam to the most posterior tooth to be isolated
- retracts gingival tissue
- different sizes and shapes
- Can be with or without wings
- W7, W8, W3, W14A, W8A, W2 and 212
How do we use the floss to tie the clamp?
- must be tied to a 12 inch floss attached to the youngs frame
- Aid in retrival of the dam and prevent any swallowing of the clamp
What are the specifications or uses of the stamp?
has positioned teeth marks for holes to be punched.
What are the specifications or use of rubber dam punch>
Percision instrument with 6 holes with varrying sizes and tapered sharp plunger
- 1 for mandibular incisors
- 2 for maxillary incisors
3. canines and pre molars
4. molars
5. clamped tooth
What are the specifications or use of rubber dam foreceps?
used for placement or removal of rubber dam clamps
What are the specifications or use of rubber dam napkin?
prevents skin contact with rubber, absorbs saliva seeping in the corner of the mouth
- acts as a cushion
- convinient method of wiping patients lip after removal of rubber dam.
What are the specifications or uses of the lubricant use?
applied in the area of punched wholes to facilitate the passing of dam through the contacts.
-petroleum jelly> applied to corners of mouth to avoid irritations.
