Lecture 1

Question 1

What are “Clients”?

Answer 1

Computers that use the services on a server

Question 2

What are “Servers”?

Answer 2

Computers that run a server program (i.e. Apache, IIS, Node.js)

Question 3

How do client computers talk to servers?

Answer 3

Web browsers

Question 4

What kind of services can servers provide?

Answer 4

Email, web pages, file storage, etc

Question 5

What layers are included in the 4 layer model based on the ISO OSI 7-layer network?

Answer 5

Application, Transport, Internet, and Link. The other 3 layers are Network, Data Link, and Physical

Question 6

As developers, we mainly work with the ______ layer of the 4 layer model

Answer 6

Application

Question 7

What is the formal definition of HTTP?

Answer 7

An application-level protocol that is generic and stateless for distributed, collaborative, and hypermedia information systems. It can be used for many tasks beyond hypertext, such as name servers and distributed object management systems

Question 8

How does HTTP circumvent the fact that previous request/response cycles are not stored in data (How do you remain logged into Facebook after you close your browser) and when was this introduced?

Answer 8

Through client cookies and the Keep-Alive connection, which was introduced via HTTP/1.1 in 1995

Question 9

______ is a language to design static web pages

Answer 9

HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

Question 10

What is a static web page?

Answer 10

A web page that is an HTML document that is stored on the web server and does not change in response to user input

Question 11

How does a client reach a static web page?

Answer 11

The web browser sends a HTTP request for a static web page and the web server sends a HTTP response message with the requested page

Question 12

What is a dynamic web page?

Answer 12

A web page created by using server side scripts. This allows interactivity

Question 13

How does a client reach a dynamic web page?

Answer 13

Once the server receives a dynamic web request, it uses a specific program to interpret the request. The script will process data from the user and the database and then generate a HTML page to send back to the client

Question 14

What is the purpose of a database?

Answer 14

A database stores the information of a specific client and the web server recalls this information as needed

Question 15

What property of Node.js is considered to be an advantage and disadvantage?

Answer 15

The property that it is both the server as well as the scripting language packaged into one

Question 16

What 4 components make up an application stack?

Answer 16

Operating system, web server software, database, and server-side scripting language (for dynamic requests)

Question 17

What advantages do different OS’ give?

Answer 17

Different operating systems can do different things/ run different server software

Question 18

What is server software?

Answer 18

Software that receives client requests

Question 19

What is a relational database?

Answer 19

A database that stores data in columns and rows

Question 20

What does a server side scripting language do?

Answer 20

Process dynamic requests from the client