Lecture 1

Question 1

How does the cytoskeleton differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 1

Prokaryotes– rudimentary cytoskeleton

Eukaryotes– well-developed cytoskeleton

Question 2

Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Answer 2

1. cells very small–cells larger
2. no distinct nucleus–nucleus surrounded by nuclear membranes
3. nearly always have a cell wall–cell wall in some (plants + fungi)
4. no membrane-bound organelles in most–organelles present
5. rudimentary cytoskeleton–well-developed cytoskeleton
6. small (70S) ribosomes–large (80S) ribosomes
7. usually unicellular–uni- or multicellular

Question 3

What does it mean if an organism is autotrophic?

Answer 3

they obtain carbon for growth from inorganic sources e.g. via photosynthesis

Question 4

What does it mean if an organism is heterotrophic?

Answer 4

they obtain carbon from organic compounds