Lecture 1

Question 1

Galen (130-200)

Answer 1

Advanced the idea that the brain receives sensory information and controls motor function

Question 2

Rene Descartes (1596-1650)

Answer 2

Dualist view; the brain and mind are separate

Question 3

Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828)

Answer 3

Brain and mind are one and the anatomy of certain areas of the brain are responsible for various differences in character; phrenology

Question 4

Camillo Golgi

Answer 4

Developed a method of staining neurons and provided the first ever depiction of the neuron. Thought the nervous system was a syncytium.

Question 5

Ramon y Cajal (1852-1934)

Answer 5

Used Golgi’s techniques to conclude the neuron doctrine. Neuroscience daddy

Question 6

Neuron doctrine

Answer 6

The nervous system is composed of discrete cells called neurons.

Question 7

Dorsal/Ventral

Answer 7

Back/Belly

Question 8

Medial/Lateral

Answer 8

Midline/Sides

Question 9

Rostral/Caudal (Anterior/Posterior)

Answer 9

Beak/Tail

Question 10

Coronal Plane

Answer 10

Splits into anterior/posterior

Question 11

Sagittal Plane

Answer 11

Splits into left/right

Question 12

Spinal cord

Answer 12

Receives and processes sensory information, as well as controls movement. Split into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral regions

Question 13

Brain stem

Answer 13

Composed of medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain. This region connects the brian and spinal cord, as well as controls movement and sensation in the head.

Question 14

Medulla oblongata

Answer 14

Controls vital autonomic functions, eg. digestion, breathing, and heart rate

Question 15

Pons

Answer 15

Conveys information about movement from the cerebral hemispheres to the cerebellum

Question 16

Midbrain

Answer 16

Controls some sensory and motor function, eg. eye movement and coordination of visual and auditory reflexes.

Question 17

Cerebellum

Answer 17

Connects to the brain stem by fiber tracts called peduncles. Modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills. Essentially fine motor skills

Question 18

Diencephalon

Answer 18

Thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 19

Thalamus

Answer 19

Processes most of the information reaching the cerebral cortex from the rest of the CNS

Question 20

Hypothalamus

Answer 20

Regulates autonomic, endocrine, and visceral functions.

Question 21

Cerebrum

Answer 21

Composed of the cerebral cortex, the basal ganglia, the hippocampus, and the amygdaloid nuclei.

Question 22

Cerebral cortex

Answer 22

Composed of the frontal(higher order thinking), parietal(somatosensory region), occipital(vision), and temporal(hearing and timing) lobes.

Question 23

Basal ganglia

Answer 23

Regulating motor performance

Question 24

Hippocampus

Answer 24

Involved with aspects of memory storage

Question 25

Amygdaloid nuclei

Answer 25

Coordinates autonomic and endocrine responses of emotional states